168 THE BREEDING OF ANIMALS 



offspring was a true hybrid having the same color 

 and in other characters resembling the sire. Later in 

 1817, 1818 and 1821 the same mare was bred to a black 

 Arabian stallion and from each mating produced a healthy 

 foal which in every case was marked with stripes like 

 the quagga sire, and resembling the sire also in the char- 

 acter of the mane. Lord Morton, in describing the 

 particular resemblances of these foals, says : " Both in 

 their color and in the hair of their manes they have a 

 striking resemblance to the quagga. Their color is 

 very marked, more or less like the quagga in a darker 

 tint. Both are distinguished by the dark line along the 

 ridge of the back, the dark stripes across the forehead 

 and the dark bars across the back part of the legs." 1 

 The existence of stripes or bars on young foals is not 

 uncommon, and their presence on the offspring of the 

 Lord Morton mare may be explained on other grounds 

 than the assumption that they were caused by the influ- 

 ence of a previous impregnation of the Arabian mare by 

 the quagga sire. 



159. The Penycuik experiments. The possibility of 

 tracing to some other source the real or fancied resem- 

 blances of the Arabian foals to the quagga sire of a pre- 

 vious mating, led Cossar Ewart to make a thorough inves- 

 tigation of the so-called infection theory. At Penycuik 

 in 1895 Ewart repeated as closely as possible the breed- 

 ing experiment of Lord Morton. In these experiments 

 thirteen mares of varied colors and breeds produced a 

 total of sixteen foals to a Burchell zebra. The same mares 

 later produced twenty-two foals by Arab, Thoroughbred 

 and Highland stallions. Ewart, in describing a typical 



1 Ewart, Bureau of Animal Industry Report, 1910, U. S. 

 Dept. of Agr. 



