THE BEEF BREEDS OF CATTLE 203 



Shorthorns that has made an impression on every careful 

 student of the early history of the breed. 



234. Other English breeders. Among others, the fol- 

 lowing breeders were identified with the early history of 

 the breed : Sir William St. Quintin, Sir James Pennyman, 

 and Messrs. Milbank, Sharter, Pickering, Stephenson, 

 Wetherell, Maynard, Dobinson, Charge, Wright, Hutchin- 

 son, Snowden, Waistell, Richard and William Barker, 

 Brown, Hall, Hill, Best, Watson, Baker, Thompson, 

 Jackson, Smith, Jolly, Masterman, Wallace and Robert- 

 son. 



Darlington was for years looked on as the center of 

 Shorthorn interests, although, strange as it may seem, 

 there is but little activity in breeding Shorthorns in that 

 section at the present time. 



235. Thomas Bates of Kirklevington. Thomas Bates, 

 who was destined to become such an important factor 

 in the breeding of Shorthorn cattle, purchased his first 

 stock in 1800. He had previously been a breeder of Ky- 

 loes or West Highland cattle. He was well prepared for 

 the work he undertook, and established families of Short- 

 horns of such pronounced individuality and recognized 

 excellence of pedigree that they were at one time by far 

 the most popular strain of the breed. Prices were paid 

 during " boom times " for Bates' Shorthorns that have 

 never been approached by Shorthorns of other lines of 

 breeding. Thomas Bates was a stickler for pedigree. 

 He assumed that cattle bred along certain specified lines 

 would produce, when mated, almost invariably certain 

 desired results. The particular family or tribe which he 

 developed most and favored most was the Duchess. 

 Fabulous prices have been paid for representatives of this 

 family. The highest recorded price, $40,600, was paid 



