234 THE BREEDS OF LIVE-STOCK 



fords that will be popular because of their meritorious 

 qualities other than the polled condition. 



Two associations of the breeders of Polled Herefords 

 have been organized, one of which is called the American 

 Polled Hereford Cattle Club, with the office of its secretary 

 at Des Moines, Iowa. The other organization is called 

 the National Polled Hereford Breeders' Association, and 

 has its office in Chicago, Illinois. Both of these small or- 

 ganizations have begun the preparation of herd-books for 

 Polled Herefords, accepting for registration the double- 

 standard variety of Polled Herefords, and also other 

 naturally Polled Herefords that are not eligible to registry 

 in the American Hereford Record. 



Literature. In England there is a History of Hereford Cattle, 

 by Macdonald and Sinclair (1886), that is very valuable, as treating 

 of this breed in its native home. An excellent history of Hereford 

 Cattle by Alvin H. Sanders has just been published by the Breeders' 

 Gazette of Chicago. 



ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE. Plate VIII. Figs. 38, 39. 

 By John S. Goodwin^ 



266. The Aberdeen-Angus is a breed of cattle main- 

 tained primarily for beef-production. It is a hornless or 

 muley type. 



267. Origin. Hornless cattle have existed for many 

 centuries. Disregarding the uncertain, although probable, 

 references of four to five thousand years ago, such cattle 

 are definitely mentioned by Tacitus, the Roman historian. 

 Herds of hornless cattle, at different times, have come into 

 existence in various parts of the world. One of the largest 

 of these is found in South America ; another has grown up 



