THE DAIRY BREEDS OF CATTLE 279 



and Friesland are lineal descendants of these ancient 

 people, and the multitude of black and white cattle 

 which they own are lineal descendants of the cattle owned 

 by their ancestors. In North Holland at the present time 

 there are some 80,000 head of pure-bred cattle of this 

 breed, and in Friesland at least 125,000. They are found 

 in other provinces of Netherlands to a limited extent. 



The lowland race of which this breed is the leading 

 representative has been the prolific mother of other breeds 

 in Europe. From it have sprung the East Friesian and 

 Oldenberg breeds of Germany, the Jutland breed of Den- 

 mark, the Kolmogorian breed of Russia, and the Fla- 

 mande or Flemish breed of Belgium and northern France. 

 These approach each other in color, but differ in other 

 important characteristics. They have been produced 

 largely by the effect of different environments, and are 

 maintained in their purity, in the different localities, by 

 well-established herd-books. According to the naturalist, 

 Low, also, before the development of English dairy breeds 

 Friesian cattle were imported into that country, and 

 established especially in the district of Holderness on the 

 north side of the Humber, whence they extended north- 

 ward through the plains of Yorkshire. It is asserted that 

 from the mixture of this Friesian breed with the native 

 cattle finally sprang the improved Shorthorn. Friesian 

 cattle were also made the basis of the composite Rosen- 

 stein breed, which was so greatly admired by Klippart, 

 and described by him in his report to the Board of Agri- 

 culture of Ohio in 1865. 



314. History in America. It is probable that cattle of 

 this breed were brought to America by the early Dutch 

 settlers and that a few were imported late in the eighteenth 

 and early in the nineteenth centuries. The Holland 



