296 THE BREEDS OF LIVE-STOCK 



Canadian or, more properly, the Scotch type. This type 

 was represented solely by animals that conformed to the 

 type generally held by every one but American breeders 

 to be the correct one, and many individuals had been 

 prize-winners at the important agricultural shows in 

 Scotland. 



The New England cattle differed from those of Scotch 

 type in that they were a little shorter in the leg, heavier 

 bodied, and possessed better handling qualities. Their 

 udders, while large and capacious, were hardly level and 

 square, and in many cases were rather pendulous. The 

 teats were of good size and length, and of a dark or tan 

 color ; the horns frequently were crumpled, and the colors 

 were dark-brown or cherry-red, flecked with white. While 

 these cattle possessed unquestioned dairy merits, they did 

 not have the uniformity of type that should be charac- 

 teristic of a recognized breed. 



The Scotch cattle were longer and not relatively so deep 

 in the body as their competitors ; a trifle longer in the 

 leg; hardly so rugged, perhaps; straighter from the 

 poll to tail-head ; possessed of large, square, level udders, 

 whose front quarters were particularly well-developed, 

 closely attached to the body, with teats ideally placed, 

 but too often not only small in size but very short in 

 length. It is stated by some authorities that a closely 

 attached udder is very rarely found with long teats. 

 Other characteristics of these Scotch Ayrshires were their 

 heavy skins, broad upward-turned horns, and their color, 

 which was white, with varying shades of red spots on 

 the head and neck; frequently there were larger or 

 smaller spots on the body, but, in most cases, at least, the 

 white predominated. Furthermore, all of the cattle ex- 

 hibited by the Canadians showed a uniformity of breed 



