422 THE BREEDS OF LIVE-STOCK 



their descendants were extensively crossed on the hogs 

 then in the county, and the resulting type came to be 

 known as the Warren county hog. The Big China was a 

 medium-sized breed, of fine bone and good feeding quali- 

 ties, arid its use on the hogs of Warren county effected a 

 marked improvement. It is also stated that subsequent 

 to the introduction of the Big China, other China hogs of 

 finer and smaller type were brought into the county. In 

 1835 or 1836, Berkshires were introduced and extensively 

 used, and about 1839 or 1840, the Irish Grazier was im- 

 ported and used on these pigs of complicated breeding in 

 Warren county. The Irish Grazier was a white breed of 

 considerable merit and did its share toward modifying the 

 Miami valley hogs. It was also said by some persons that a 

 Poland breed was used for crossing on Warren county 

 hogs, while others maintained that no such breed was ever 

 introduced. An extended controversy ensued, which was 

 finally ended by the findings of a committee that was 

 appointed to investigate the origin of the breed, and which 

 reported its findings to the National Swine Breeders' Con- 

 vention held in Indianapolis in 1872. This committee 

 reported against the theory that a Poland breed had been 

 used, but recommended that the name Poland-China be 

 recognized as the accepted name of the breed. The 

 recommendation was adopted, and since that time the 

 breed, which previously had been known by a great 

 variety of names, has been known as the Poland-China. 

 It is said that since 1845 no outside blood has been infused 

 into this breed. 



511. Description. The Poland-China is a medium- 

 sized hog, and, as commonly bred, is not so large as the 

 large type of Berkshire ; but the average Poland-China is 

 well up to the average Berkshire in weight. The face is 



