DR. J. R. CARDWELL. 15 



cherry, of the old list have been destroyed and the stubs dug out. 

 Over a large part of the State east of the Missouri divide, this orchard 

 wrecking has been as complete as with us. 



In those snowy and ice-bound regions before referred to 

 will in a few years be found vast aggregations of people. 

 Let the experiments of planting acclimated fruits be ever 

 so successful, all that can be grown either for ornament of 

 their bleak homes, or for the supply of the local markets 

 will be but a fraction, and an insignificant one at that, of 

 the amount required. 



But to follow up the line of thought from the virtual 

 blight and vital paralysis of this industry in our own 

 borders, to illustrate the spirit of the times, California 

 now leading off, had gathered enormous crops from her 

 immensely large orchards. The problems of rapid transit, 

 safe packing for long distances, transportation and reason- 

 able freight rates, had not received the attention they 

 deserved from orchardists and railroad men. Things 

 were in a chaotic state. The facilities for canning were 

 entirely inadequate. The fruit could not be handled, 

 and thousands of tons were left to rot, or taken to an un- 

 remunerative market, and dumped into San Francisco 

 Bay. There was a flurry among fruit growers ; outspoken, 

 indeed clamorous expressions of alarm were heard on all 

 sides. The timid prophesied wreck, ruin, and disaster. 

 Newly planted orchards were given over to neglect ; large 

 tracts set aside for tree planting were left to native pastur- 

 age, or sown to wheat, oats, clover or grass. A vast, im- 

 portant, and promising industry was in great jeopardy. 

 The press of the Golden State, the common carriers, the 

 far-sighted men who saw what the possibilities were in 

 this direction, came to the rescue with well-considered 

 presentations of the true facts in the premises. They dis- 

 cussed the subject at issue in the light of well-established 

 and fully-recognized business principles. 



