A. rupestris HEDW. Sp. Muse. 47, T. 7, f. 2, excl. syn. (1801). SMITH Fl. Brit. 1178, excl. 

 syn. (1804) ; Eng. Bot. t. 1277, excl. syn. plur. (1804). P. BEAUV. Prodr. 42 (1805). 

 BRID. Muse. Rec. ii, P. i, 44 (1806). WEB. MOHR. Bot. Tasch. 384, t. u, f. 5, 6 (1807). 

 HOOK. Trans. Lin. Soc. X, 391, T. 31, f. 2, excl. syn. plur. (1810). SCHWAEGR. Supp. I, 

 P. i, 42 (1811). HOOK. TAY. Muse. Br. 2, t. 8 (1818). SMITH Comp. Fl. Br. 3 ed. 163 

 (1818). HOOK. Fl. Scot. P. 2, 121 (1821). GRAY Nat. Arr. Br. PI. i, 709, 2 (1821). BRID. 



Bry. Un. ii, 726 (1827). SPRENG. Syst. Veg. iv, 216 (1827). SWARTZ Adnot. Bot. 181, 

 excl. syn. L. et DILL. (1829). HOOK. Br. Fl. ii, 5 (1833). Fl. Dan. Tab. 2125, f. 2, excl. 

 syn. plur. (1834). MACKAY Fl. Hib. P. 2, 7 (1836). HARTM. Skand. Fl. 3 ed. 315 (1838). 



GAROV. Bry. Austr. exc. 10 (1840). ANGST. Disp. Muse. 23 (1842) ; et in FRIES Summa 

 Veg. Sc. 97 (1846). RABENH. Deutsch. Krypt. Fl. ii, P. 3, 71 (1848). C. MUELL. Syn. 

 Muse, i, 6, excl. syn. L. et DILL. (1849). WILS. Bry. Brit. 12, t. 8 (1855). 

 A. alpina TURN. Muse. Hib. 13 (1804). BRID. Muse. Rec. ii, P. 1,45 (1806); et Mant. 

 Muse. 207 (1819). WEB. MOHR. Bot. Tasch. 383, t. n, .3,4(1807). SCHWAEG. Suppl. I, 

 P. i, 42 (1811). VOIT Muse. Herbip. 130 (1812). WAHLEN. Fl. Lapp. 306, excl. syn. 

 L. DILL, et Eng. Bot. (1812) ; Fl. Carpat. 334, excl. syn. L. et. Eng. Bot. (1814) ; et Fl. 

 Upsal. 392 (1820). SWARTZ Summ. Veg. Scand. 38 (1814). LILJEBL. Svensk Fl. 3 ed. 



569 (1816). ASPEGREN Blek. Fl. 74 (1823). FRIES Stirp. Agr. Femsjon. 29 (1825). 

 BRID. Bry. univ. ii, 728, p.p. (1827). SWARTZ Adnot. Bot. 180, excl. syn. L. et DILL. 

 (1829). HARTM. Skand. Fl. 2 ed. 354 (1832). WAHLEN. Fl. Suec. 2 ed. ii, 809 (1833). 



DE NOT. Syll. Muse. n. 480 (1838). GAROVAGL. Bry. Austr. exc. 10 (1840). ANGSTR. 



Disp. Muse. 23 (1842) ; et in FRIES Summ. Veg. Sc. 97 (1846). RABENH. Deutsch. 



Krypt. Fl. ii, P. 3, 71 (1848). 

 A. alpina /3 subsccunda WAHLEN. Fl. Lapp. 306 (1812); et Fl. Suec. 2 ed. 809 (1833). 



SWARTZ Summ. Veg. 38 (1814). LILJEBL. Sv. Fl. 3 ed. 569 (1816). HARTM. Sk. Fl. 



380 (1820). FRIES Stirp. Agr. Femsjon. 29 (1825). 

 Jungerm. rupestris HUEB. Hepat. Germ. 303, excl. syn. plur. (1834). 



Autoicous ; rufescent, olivaceous or blackish. Stems caespitose, 

 -1 in. high, nearly erect, simple or dichotomous. Leaves crowded, 

 nerveless, varying much in form, direction, and texture, from an erect 

 base, suberect and laxly appressed when dry, patent and divaricate when 

 moist ; straight or a little incurved at apex, often secund on the young 

 surculi ; ovato or oblongo-lanceolate, muticous or with a minute apiculus, 

 concave, generally obliquate at apex and hence slightly asymmetric, the 

 margin entire, subinflexed, the point often with a hyaline border and 

 crenulate. Areolation dense, sinuoso-linear at base, dot-like and 

 orbicular at apex, the cells strongly and obtusely papillose at back, 

 especially in the upper part of leaf. 



Perichsetium large, outer bracts imbricated, inner convolute, very 

 broad, oblong, smooth, soft, and yellowish. Capsules small, pale at 

 base, rufo-fuscous. Male infl. on distinct branches (cladautoicous) , bracts 

 three, very concave, broadly ovate, pointed ; antheridia 5-7. 

 HAB. Mountain rocks ; common. Fr. 6-8. 



A green obtuse leaved form on The Cobbler, Arrochar (George 1879) ! ! 



It is only in mountainous districts that this little moss forms a con- 

 spicuous object on the rocks, which are dotted over with its beautiful brown 

 or black cushions, so slightly attached at the root that it is but seldom good 

 herbarium specimens can be procured. The number of varieties quoted 

 under this species are evidence of the varied aspects it presents to us, but 

 however much the leaves may differ in color, form, or direction, their cell 

 structure exhibits great uniformity, and indicates that sound characters for 

 the distinction of species must chiefly be based on this feature. The pale 

 color of the base and neck of the capsule in this plant is very marked. 



