2C PROGRESS I ITS LAW AND CAUSE. 



multiplied, we may presume that music came to have an 

 existence apart from words. And both of them were be 

 ginning to assume other forms besides the religious. Facts 

 having like implications might be cited from the histories 

 of later times and peoples : as the practices of our own 

 early minstrels, who sang to the harp heroic narratives ver 

 sified by themselves to music of their own composition : 

 thus uniting the now separate offices of poet, composer, vo 

 calist, and instrumentalist. But, without further illustra 

 tion, the common origin and gradual differentiation of 

 Dancing, Poetry, and Music will be sufficiently manifest. 



The advance from the homogeneous to the heterogene 

 ous is displayed not only in the separation of these arts from 

 each other and from religion, but also in the multiplied dif 

 ferentiations which each of them afterwards undergoes. 

 Xot to dwell upon the numberless kinds of dancing that 

 have, in course of time, come into use ; and not to occupy 

 space in detailing the progress of poetry, as seen in the de 

 velopment of the various forms of metre, of rhyme, and 

 of general organization ; let us confine our attention to 

 music as a type of the group. As argued by Dr. Burney, 

 and as implied, by the customs of still extant barbarous 

 races, the first musical instruments were, without doubt, 

 percussive sticks, calabashes, tom-toms and were used 

 simply to mark the time of the dance ; and in this constant 

 repetition of the same sound, we sec music in its most 

 homogeneous form. 



The Egyptians had a lyre with three strings. The 

 early lyre of the Greeks had four, constituting their tetra- 

 chord. In course of some centuries lyres of seven and 

 eight strings were employed. And, by the expiration of 

 a thousand years, they had advanced to their &quot; great system 

 of the double octave. Through all which changes there of 

 course arose a greater heterogeneity of melody. Simulta 

 neously there came into use the different modes Dorian, 



