211 THE OKIOIN AND FUNCTION OF JfCSIC. 



themselves in sounds as well as in movements. There fore 

 it is that Carlo l.arks as well as leaps when he is let out 

 that puss purrs as well as erects her tail that the canary 

 chirps as well as ilulters. Therefore it is that the angry 

 lion roars while he laches his sides, and the dog growls 

 while he retracts his lip. Therefore it is that the maimed 

 animal not only struggles, but howls. And it is from this 

 cause that in human beings bodily sulVering expresses itself 

 not only in contortions, but in shrieks and groans that in 

 anger, and fear, and grief, the gesticulations arc accompa 

 nied by shouts and screams that delightful sensations arc 

 followed by exclamations and that we hear screams of joy 

 and shouts of exultation. 



&quot;We have here, then, a principle underlying all vocal 

 phenomena; including those of vocal mu&amp;gt;i&amp;lt; &amp;gt; , and by conse 

 quence those of music in general. The muscles that move 

 the chest, larynx, and vocal chords, contracting like other 

 muscles in proportion to the intensity of the feelings; ev 

 ery diil erent contraction of these muscles involving, as it 

 does, a different adjustment of the vocal organs; every dif 

 ferent adjustment of the vocal organs causing a change in 

 the sound emitted ; it follows that variations of voice are 

 the physiological results of variations of feeling; it follows 

 that each inlleclii&amp;gt;n or modulation is the natural outcome 

 of some passing emotion or sensation ; and it follows that 

 the explanation of all kinds of vocal expression, must be 

 sought in this general relation between mental and muscu 

 lar excitements. Let us, then, see whether we cannot thus 

 account for the chief peculiarities in the utterance of the 

 feelings: grouping those peculiarities under the heads of 

 loudncss, qualify, or timbre, ]&amp;gt;itch, intervals, and rate &amp;lt;&amp;gt;f 

 variation. 



Uctwccn the lungs and the organs of voice, there ia 

 much the same relation as between the bellows of an orcran 



