380 THE SOCIAL OKflAXISM. 



lot us look at them in detail. We shall find ^that the 

 parallelism becomes the more marked the more closely 

 it is traced. 



The loucst animal ai:d vegetal firms Protozoa and 

 JFrotophyta are chiefly inhabitants of the water. They 

 are minute bodies, most of which are made individually 

 visible only by the microscope. All of them are extremely 

 simple in structure; and some of them, as the Jihizopods, 

 almost structureless. Multiplying, as they ordinarily do, 

 by the spontaneous division of their bodies, they produce 

 halve?, which may either become quite separate and move 

 away in different directions, or may continue attached. 

 ]&amp;gt;y the repetition of this process of fission, aggregations of 

 various si/.es and kinds are formed. Among the Proto- 

 1&amp;gt;ltyt&amp;lt;i we have some classes, as the DiatomaceCB and the 

 Yeast-plant, in which the individuals may be either sepa 

 rate, or attached in groups of two, three, four, or more 1 ; 

 other classes in which a considerable! number of individual 

 cells are united into a thread (Cvnfiri tt, Jfonilia) ; others 

 in which they form a ivt work (Ifi/drodictyon) ; others in 

 which they form plates ( &7ra) ; and others in which they 

 form masses (Laminaria, Afjariciis) : all which vegetal 

 forms, having no distinction of root, stem, or leaf, are called 

 T/idUofjcns. Among the Protozoa \vc find parallel facts. 

 Immense numbers of A nur La-like creatures, massed togeth 

 er in a framework of horny fibres, constitute Sponge. In 

 the J or&amp;lt;iniin!j\rft, we see smaller groups of such creatures 

 arranged into more definite shapes. Xot only do these 

 almost structureless J &amp;gt; rotozoa unite into regular or irregu 

 lar aggregations of various sixes ; but among some of I m- 

 more organised ones, as the } &amp;lt;&amp;gt;rti&amp;lt;-&amp;lt;U i , there are also pro 

 duced clusters of individuals, proceeding from a common 

 Stock. ]&amp;gt;ut these little societies of monads, or cells, or 

 whatever else we may call them, are societies only in the 



