CONSCIOUSNESS AND EXPERIENCE 255 



lation between them. The other school, recogniz 

 ing that this procedure explains away rather than 

 explains, the values of experience, attempts to even 

 up by declaring that certain functions are them 

 selves immediately given data of consciousness, ex 

 isting side by side with the &quot; states,&quot; but indefi 

 nitely transcending them in worth, and appre 

 hended by some higher organ. So against the 

 elementary contents and external associations of 

 the analytic school in psychology, we have the 

 complicated machinery of the intellectualist school, 

 with its pure self-consciousness as a source of ulti 

 mate truths, its hierarchy of intuitions, its ready- 

 made faculties. To be sure, these &quot; spiritual fac 

 ulties &quot; are now largely reduced to some one com 

 prehensive form Apperception, or Will, or Atten 

 tion, or whatever the fashionable term may be. 

 But the principle remains the same ; the assumption 

 of a function as a given existent, distinguishable 

 in itself and acting upon other existences as if 

 the functions digestion and vision were regarded 

 as separate from organic structures, somehow act 

 ing upon them from the outside so as to bring co 

 operation and harmony into them ! * This division 

 into psychological schools is as reasonable as would 

 be one of botanists into rootists and flowerists ; of 



1 The &quot; functions &quot; are in truth ordinary everyday acts 

 and attitudes: seeing, smelling, talking, listening, remember 

 ing, hoping, loving, fearing. 



