9 



during spring. At the same time practical experience has proved, 

 that as a rule the difference between growth habit, of graft, and 

 growth habrt of ro,ot, should not be too great, lest there is lack 

 of harmony or congeniality between root and graft. A Vinifera 

 grafted on an exceedingly sluggish grower does not succeed at 

 all in California and if grafted on an exceedingly free grower it 

 becomes less vigorous and productive. 



As the different Vinifera varieties vary somewhat in regard 

 to growth habit, a slightly forcing root for some would be bene- 

 ficial, while with others a slightly retarding root would have a 

 good effect, depending on conditions of soil and climate of a 

 locality. The above remarks have been made without reference 

 to form of root system and size of roots. A difference in 'this 

 respect would also make a difference with grafted vines. 



Why it is that the Lenoir with its own top on most soils 

 appears to be an exceedingly free grower, while after being grafted 

 to Vinifera, it retards the latter's growth, would be difficult to 

 explain and more difficult to understand. But, I believe, an 

 understanding of it would be helped, by comparing 'it to tones in 

 music. While some of these quite a distance apart on the scale, 

 sound well together, others much closer to one another, make a 

 discord. Althpugh there is quite a difference in regard to sen- 

 sftiveness to temperature conditions between the root and top of 

 a Lenoir, their congeniality is perfect. A similar relationship of 

 root exists probably with some Viniferas, only less pronounced. 

 To embrace all the different Conditions of relationship between 

 stock and graft in the word affinity, is ex'tremely inadequate and 

 inaccurate. For instance a Berlandieri, grafted on a Vinifera 

 grows vigorously, but reverse it and it is a failure. The affinity 

 in grafting certainly is the same in both cases, but while a Vinifera 

 root has a good congeniality in growth habit to a Berlandieri top, 

 vice versa congeniality is entirely lacking. 



It is well known from European viticulture! practice, that 

 the quality of the grape is much influenced by conditions of soil 

 and climate. The Riesling produces its most valuable product 

 along the Rhine, it is worthless in Spain or Italy. The Grenache 

 and Mataro have value only in southern France or northern 

 Spain. Grafting a Vinifera on a more free-grpwing root is the 

 same as transplanting the vine on its own root into a warmer 

 climate or soil. Grafting on a retarding root is the same as trans- 

 planting the vine on its own root into a cooler climate or soil. 



