ON THE GROWTH OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS. 11 



ammonium-salts, and 1,908 Ibs. by 86 Ibs. nitrogen as sodium-nitrate. 

 There is, therefore, considerably more increased assimilation of carbon 

 in the produce of Sugar-Beet than in that of Wheat by the same 

 applications of nitrogenous manure. 



In Mangel- Wurzel roots the increased assimilation of carbon was 

 1,130 Ibs. by 86 Ibs. of nitrogen as ammonium-salts, and 1,370 Ibs. by 

 86 Ibs as nitrate; that is less than in the removed crops (corn and 

 straw) of Wheat, and considerably less than in the removed crops (the 

 roots) of Sugar-Beet. 



In the case of the Potatoes, reckoned on the increased production 

 of tubers only (the tops being left on the land), the increased yield of 

 carbon by 86 Ibs. of nitrogen as ammonium-salts is 762 Ibs. per acre, and 

 by 86 Ibs. as sodium-nitrate 731 Ibs. That is to say, there is considerably 

 less increased production of starch in Potatoes, than of sugar in Sugar- 

 Beet, or Mangel- Wurzel, by the same applications of nitrogenous manure. 



Lastly, in the Leguminous crop, Beans, with its high yield of 

 nitrogen per acre, and the high percentage of nitrogen in its dry 

 substance, the increased assimilation of carbon under the influence of 

 nitrogenous manure was comparatively quite insignificant. Thus, there 

 was, by the application of 86 Ibs. of nitrogen as sodium-nitrate, an 

 increased assimilation of carbon of only 266 Ibs. per acre ; or little more 

 than one sixth as much as in Wheat, and little more than one-eighth 

 as much as in Sugar-Beet, by the same application. 



Turning to the figures in the third column, it is seen that the 

 estimated increased production of the non-nitrogenous carbohydrates, 

 by the use of nitrogenous manures, was very great. 



Thus, by the use of 43 Ibs. of nitrogen as ammonium-salts, there is 

 an estimated increase of 1,240 Ibs. of carbohydrates in Wheat, and of 

 1,992 Ibs. in Barley. By the application of 86 Ibs. of nitrogen as 

 ammonium-salts, there was an increased formation of carbohydrates of 

 2,550 Ibs. in Wheat, of 3,188 Ibs. in Sugar-Beet, of 2,376 Ibs. in 

 Mangel-Wurzel, and of only 1,507 Ibs. in Potato.es; and when 86 Ibs. 

 were applied as sodium-nitrate, there was an increased production of 

 3,140 Ibs. in Wheat, of 4,052 Ibs. in Sugar-Beet, of 2,771 Ibs. in 

 Mangel-Wurzel, and of only 1,416 Ibs. in Potatoes. Whilst, compared 

 with these amounts, there was, by the same application, an increase 

 of only 474 Ibs. of carbohydrates in Beans. 



The last column shows the estimated increased amounts of carbo- 

 hydrates produced for 1 of nitrogen in manure, in the different cases. 

 Thus, when 43 Ibs. of nitrogen were applied as ammonium-salts, 1 Ib. of 

 nitrogen in manure gave an increased production of 28 -8 Ibs. of carbo- 

 hydrates in wheat, and of 46 -3 Ibs. in Barley ; when 86 Ibs. nitrogen 

 were applied as ammonium-salts, 1 Ib. gave an increase of 29*7 Ibs. 

 carbohydrates in Wheat, 37*1 Ibs. in Sugar-Beet, 27*6 Ibs. in Mangel- 

 Wurzel, and 17*5 Ibs. in Potatoes. Again, when 86 Ibs. were applied 

 as sodium-nitrate, 1 Ib. gave an increase of 36 '5 Ibs. carbohydrates in 

 Wheat, 47-1 Ibs. ' in Sugar-Beet, 32 -2 Ibs. in Mangel-Wurzel, 16'5 Ibs. 

 in Potatoes, and only 5*5 Ibs. in the Leguminous crop Beans. 



