ORANGES AND LEMONS. 17 



Orange. From them is derived the volatile oil called 

 Neroli (that is, nero olio or black oil), also the well- 

 known Eau de Fleurs d'Oranger. For this purpose 

 the tree is grown, as these essences are of better 

 quality than those yielded by the flowers of the 

 sweet Orange. " Petit grain " is a perfume extracted 

 from the clippings of the tree, and from those young 

 fruits which fall soon after the flowering. The fruit 

 gives " Oil of Orange " ; so that from the same plant 

 three different perfumes are derived (Kerner). An 

 enormous quantity of these essences and perfumes is 

 manufactured at Grasse. 



The long curly strips of aromatic rind, which we 

 see hanging everywhere to dry, are destined to make 

 marmalade, and to flavour puddings and drinks. It 

 forms the main ingredient in curagoa. My wife gives 

 this receipt for marmalade : To three sweet Oranges 

 add one bitter Orange and one Lemon. Take out 

 the pips. Some prefer to dispense with the sweet 

 Oranges altogether, and to put one Lemon to every 

 three Sevilles. The bitter Oranges, from which the 

 peel has been removed, are naturally to be had at a 

 nominal price. I knew a person (a North Briton) 

 who, purchasing these in large quantities, regaled 

 himself. He considered this cooling diet a pleasant 

 change from the oatmeal. 



It is not generally known that the word " zest," 

 in the sense of " relish," comes from " zest," a little 

 slice of Orange peel. The French make a different 

 use of the word. They apply it to something 

 worthless, thus : Je n'en donnerais pas un zeste, I 

 would not give a farthing for it. 



The Lemon (Citrus Limonum, Fig. 6) is more 



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