PHYSIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 



disorders, e.g., cancer, tuberculosis, dementia praecox, etc. These 

 are also of doubtful value. Recent work has also thrown much doubt 

 upon the original contention of Abderhalden as to the formation of 

 protective enzymes following the parenteral introduction of protein, 

 carbohydrates and other substances. Abderhalden, however, maintains 

 that his original contention is correct. 1 



Our knowledge regarding the distribution of enzymes has been 

 wonderfully broadened in recent years. Up to within a few years, 

 the real scientific information as to the enzymes of the animal organism, 

 for example, was limited, in the main, to a rather crude understanding 

 of the enzymes intimately connected with the main digestive func- 

 tions of the organism. We now have occasion to believe that enzymes 

 are doubtless present in every animal cell and are actively associated 

 with all vital phenomena. As a preeminent example of such cellular 

 activity may be cited the liver cell with its reputed complement of 15-20 

 or more enzymes. 



A list of the more important enzymes together with their classes, 

 distribution, substrates and end-products is given below. 

 CLASSIFICATION OF ENZYMES 



(glucose?) 



3. Inulase Fungi, other plants [Inulin i Fructose. 



4. Lactase | Intestinal juice and mucosa. Lactose j Glucose and galactose. 



5. Maltose ' Blood serum, liver, saliva, ! Maltose , 



j pancreatic and intestinal; 

 ; juices and lymph. 



Glucose. 



6. Sucrose. . 

 (invertase) 



; Intestinal juice and mucosa. Sucrose ] Glucose and fructose. 



7. Zymase ! Yeast jSugars i Alcohol, COt, etc. 



Carboxylase ! Yeast, 



COOH group of aliphatic Carbon dioxide, 

 acids. 



Deaminases. L. t j Amino compounds 



i. Adenase j Animal tissues Adenine. 



Hypoxanthine. 



1 Abderhalden: Correspondenz-Blatt fur Schweizer Aerzte, 47, 1745, 1917. 



