CHAPTER III 
CELASTRACE^B. 
Spindle Tree (Euonymus europceus L.). According to Cornevin 
the spindle tree is poisonous in all its parts, especially the fruits, which 
are emetic and strongly purgative. Sheep and goats have been injured 
from eating the leaves, and children have suffered from eating the fruits. 
Toxic Principle. This plant does not appear to have been closely 
studied from the toxicological point of view; contrary to the state- 
ments generally made in the literature Van Bijn remarks that this species 
does not contain the doubtfully classed Euonymin. 
Symptoms. Ingestion of the plant induces symptoms and lesions 
such as are due to violent vegetable purgatives. 
REFERENCES. 
63, 81, 205, 252. 
RHAMNAGE2L 
Buckthorn (Rhamnus Catharticus L.) and (R. Frangula L.). The 
berries of both species are toxic and purgative, but both are uncommon 
and rarely eaten by stock. 
Toxic Principle. The berries and bark contain the glucosides 
Frangulin (C 21 H 20 9 ) and Rhamnetin (C 16 H 12 7 ). 
Symptoms. The berries are purgative, and there is some danger 
from large quantities, which may induce super-purgation. The leaves 
are astringent and may arrest milk secretion (Cornevin). Muller states 
that the inflammation of the stomach and intestines may terminate 
fatally. 
REFERENCES. 
4, 63, 76, 190, 203. 
