IY] Primulaceas, Oleaceas, Convolvulaceas 49 
Toxic Principle. The plant contains the glucoside Cyclamin 
(C 2 oH 34 10 ), and a saponin-like substance (Pammel). Van Bijn says 
it contains two glucosides. 
Symptoms. The plant has an irritating effect on the intestines and 
a stupefying effect on the nervous system. Cornevin states that it is 
never taken by the larger domestic animals in quantity sufficient to 
cause poisoning. 
REFERENCES. 
10, 73, 82, 190, 203, 235, 252. 
0LEAGEAL 
Privet (Ligustrum vulgare L.). The facts as to the poisonous 
character of Privet are by no means clear, but Taylor records a case 
in which three children who ate the berries were attacked by violent 
purging, and a boy and girl died. Turner observed a case in which 
horses died after eating Privet. 
Toxic Principle. The Privet is stated to contain the poisonous 
glucosides Ligustrin and Ligustron, not mentioned by Van Rijn, who 
says it contains Syringin (C^H^Og), while Pammel (1911) adds the 
bitter glucosidal principle Syringopicrin (CgeH^Oj?). 
Symptoms. In horses Turner observed loss of power in the hind 
limbs, with a pulse of 50, temperature 102 F., slightly injected mucous 
membranes, and dilated pupils, with death in 36 to 48 hours. The 
berries are stated by Miiller to cause sickness and diarrhoea. 
REFERENCES. 
130, 190, 203, 233, 252. 
CONVOLVULACE^:. 
Bindweeds (Convolvulus sepium L. and C. arvensis L.). The 
creeping rootstocks and foliage, as well as the seeds, are held to be more 
or less poisonous if eaten in quantity, and as long ago as 1872 Olver 
recorded ( Veterinarian, 1872) that pigs which ate freely of Convolvulus 
died. These species, when eaten in considerable quantity, appear to 
be cathartic and purgative, causing symptoms resembling those due to 
jalap. 
REFERENCES. 
82, 141, 190, 203, 254. 
L. 4 
