FISHES OF NEW YORK 115 



one fifth to five times, and the least depth of its caudal peduncle 

 eight and one half times, in the total length to the caudal base. 

 The head is conical with pointed snout as long as the eye, 

 which is about one fourth as long as the head. The head equals 

 one fourth of total length to caudal base. The maxilla reaches 

 nearly to below the front of the eye. The lateral line varies 

 in development, sometimes reaching to above the origin of the 

 ventrals and continued backward even farther at intervals, but 

 usually not extending to ventrals. The dorsal origin is over 

 the space between the ventral origin and the vent; about 39 

 rows of scales between it and the nape. The dorsal base is 

 one half as long as the head; the longest ray equals head with- 

 out snout. The pectoral reaches nearly to ventral origin, and 

 the ventral reaches vent. The anal base is two fifths as long 

 as the head; the longest ray equal to longest of the dorsal. 

 The caudal is moderately forked, its middle rays two thirds 

 as long as the outer. D. 8; A. 7; V. 8; P. 12. Scales 18-80 

 to 85-10; teeth 5-5. Length of specimens described, from Yel- 

 low creek, 3 inches. A narrow dusky line along the top of 

 the back; two narrow, dark bands on the sides, the lower one 

 passing forward on the head to tip of snout; the space between 

 the bands and below bright silvery. Breeding males have the 

 bases of the dorsal, anal and caudal fins and the area between 

 the dark bands scarlet, while the body is covered with minute 

 tubercles, and the fins generally are vivid yellow. 



The IT. S. Fish Commission parties obtained this minnow 7 at 

 the following localities in the Lake Ontario region: Salt brook, 

 1 miles above Nine Mile point, June 11, 1893; Cemetery creek, 

 or Black river, Watertown, July 5, 1894; Long pond, Charlotte, 

 Aug. 17, 1894. I am unable to find a reference to this species 

 in the works of Mitchill and De Kay. 



The red-bellied minnow or dace is found from Pennsylvania 

 to Dakota and Tennessee. It is abundant in small streams, 

 and is a strikingly beautiful fish. Along the sides are two 

 blackish bands; one beginning above the eye and extending to 

 the tail; another traverses the eye and follows the lateral line 



