FISHES OF NEW YORK 129 



depth of body. The head is large, two sevenths of total length 

 without the caudal, with long pointed snout and wide mouth. 

 The snout is as long as the eye and two sevenths as long as the 

 head. The width of the interorbital space is about equal to the 

 diameter of the eye. The lower jaw projects strongly. The 

 maxilla reaches to below the middle of the eye. The gill open- 

 ings are wide, the membranes separated by a very narrow 

 isthmus. The dorsal origin is over the 25th scale of the lateral 

 line; the base of the fin is two fifths as long as the head; the 

 longest ray is as long as the head without the snout; the last 

 ray is about half as long as the longest. The ventral origin is 

 under the 23d scale of the lateral line; the fin extends to the 

 vent, equaling length of eye and snout combined. The anal 

 origin is under the 37th scale of the lateral line; the anal base 

 is two fifths as long as the head; the longest ray twice as long 

 as the last ray and one fourth of its distance from the tip of 

 the snout. The caudal is large and deeply forked. The pectoral 

 is two thirds as long as the head, extending to below the 17th 

 scale of the lateral line. The lateral line is abruptly decurved 

 over the anterior half of the pectoral. D. iii, 7; A. iii, 7; V. 8; 

 P.14. Scales 12-63-7 (sometimes 10-70-5); teeth 2, 5-5, 2, hooked, 

 some of them with a narrow grinding surface. In spirits the 

 color is dark brown; a narrow dark stripe along the middle of 

 the side extending on the head and around the snout; the fins 

 are pale. In life the back is dark bluish, the belly silvery; breed- 

 ing males have the first half of the lateral stripe crimson and 

 the belly and lower fins rosy. The specimen described, number 

 8167, U. S. National Museum, from Meadville, Pa., is 3 inches 

 long. 



The red-sided shiner is found from Pennsylvania to Minne- 

 sota; abundant in clear streams of the Great lakes region and 

 the upper Mississippi valley. In the Lake Ontario basin the 

 U. S. Fish Commission collectors obtained it in the following 

 localities in 1894: Spring brook, Pulaski, July 24; Wart creek, 

 July 24; Three Mile creek, Oswego, July 27. 



