PISHES OF NEW YORK 197 



112 Pomolobus mediocris (Mitchill) 

 Hickory Shad; Fall Herring; Shad Herring 



Clupea mediocris MITCHILL, Trans. Lit. & Phil. Soc. N. Y. I, 450, 1815. New 

 York; JORDAN & GILBERT, Bull. 16, U. S. Nat. Mus. 266,1883; MC- 

 DONALD, Fish & Fish. Ind. U. S. I, 607, pis. 216 A, 216B, 1884; BEAN, 

 19th Rep. Comm. Fish. N. Y. separate, 43, pi. XXV, fig. 34, 1890. 



Clupea mattowaca MITCHILL, Trans. Lit. & Phil. Soc. N. Y. I, 451, 1815. 

 Long Island. 



Hupea virescens DE KAY, N. Y. Fauna, Fishes, 252, pi. 13, fig. 37, 1842. 



Alosa mattoicaca DE KAY, N. Y. Fauna, Fishes, 260, pi. 40, fig. 127, 1842. 



Alosa Uneata STORER, Hist. Fish. Mass. 162, pi. XXVII, fig. 2, 1867. 



Clupea mattowaca GUNTHEK, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. VII, 438, 1868. 



Pomololus mediocris JORDAN & EVERMANN. Bull. 47, U. S. Nat Mus. 425. 

 1896, pi. LXXI, fig. io8, 1900; SMITH, Bull. U. S. F. C. XVII, 91, 1898; 

 BEAN, 52d Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 96, 1900. 



Head comparatively long, its length being contained four 

 times in that of the body; the profile straight, and not very 

 steep, form more elliptic than in others, and less heavy forward; 

 lower jaw considerably projecting, upper jaw emarginate. The 

 depth of the body is contained three and three eighths times in 

 the length. Opercles rather less emarginate below and behind 

 than in P. pseudoharengus: Fins low; dorsal fin 

 inserted nearer snout than base of caudal. Bluish silvery; 

 sides with rather faint longitudinal stripes. Peritoneum pale. 

 Length 24 inches. Cape Cod to Florida; rather common; not 

 highly valued as a food fish; not ascending streams to spawn. 

 D. 15; A. 21. Lateral line 50; abdominal scutes 20+16. 



This species is referred to by Dr Mitchill as the Staten Island 

 herring, Clupea mediocris, which he says grows very 

 large for a herring, being frequently 18 inches long and almost 

 as big as a small shad. It has " six or eight brown spots, longi- 

 tudinally, below the lateral line, as reported by an inhabitant 

 of that part of the bay of New York which borders on Staten 

 Island." Mitchill, also, has the same species under the name of 

 Long Island herring, Clupea mattowaca. This, he says, 

 is also called the autumnal or fall herring, as well as shad 

 herring and fall shad. Mitchill recognized it as probably the 

 full-grown fish of the C. niediocris. He was not able to 

 distinguish it from that species. The length of the greenback, 



