170 APSENDESIA. 



Defrancia clypeata, Bronn and Romer, 1851, op. cit. ed. 3, Bd. ii. Th. 4, p. 94, 



pi. xvi. fig. 18. 

 ,, ,, Pictet, 1857, op. cit. p. 129. 



Diagnosis. Zoarium small, dense, and hemispherical. It grows 

 from a low, funnel-shaped, central disc ; from this arise the 

 radiating bundles, which unite into irregular, twisted lamina. 

 The apertures occur in series, or in isolated teeth. 



DISTRIBUTION. 



ENGLAND : 



Forest Marble : Wiltshire. 



Bradford Clay : Bradford. 



Great Oolite : Burford ; Bath. 



Inferior Oolite: near Leckhampton ; Coombe Hill (fide "Walford). 

 FOREIGN : 



Bathonian: Ranville, Lebisey, and Luc, Calvados; Marquise, near 

 Boulogne. 



Bajocian : Montvaux, near Metz ; Les Moutiers. 



Description of Figures. PI. IX. Fig. 4. Part of a zoarium, 

 X 6 dia., showing the Fasciculiporoidal appearance of the 

 individual tufts, and their serial arrangement. Forest Marble : 

 "Wiltshire. Cunnington Coll. 24770. PL IX. Fig. 5. A young 

 zoarium in the Defrancia stage, X 5 dia. Great Oolite : Burford, 

 Wiltshire. 38596. 



Affinities. This is the type species of the genus. Its nearest 

 ally is a Neocomian species, Apsendesia neocomiensis, D'Orb. 1 ; this 

 differs from it by the elongate, ovoid shape of the zoarium, and by 

 having most of the apertures in regular, isolated bundles, though 

 these are in places connected by bands formed of series. 



The main problem in connection with this species is whether 

 the Bryozoa which Lamouroux described under the names 

 Apsendesia cristata and Pelagia clypeata belong to the same species, 

 and even to the same genus. Most authors have accepted them 

 as distinct, and Bronn substituted the name Defrancia for Pelagia 

 owing to the prior use of the latter by Peron. Haime, however, 

 merged the two genera, in spite of their striking differences 

 of form. There is fortunately a good series of specimens in the 



1 D'Orbigny. Prod. Pal. t. ii. p. 87; Pal. fran9. Terr. cret. t. v. p. 683, 

 pi. Dccxliii. figs. 12-14. 



