POLYPODIACEAE 21 



pinnae oblong-lanceolate, the largest 3-4 dm. long, 11.5 dm. broad, the rachises 

 winged; ultimate pinnules linear-oblong, obtuse or rounded, pinnatifid, the segments 

 rounded, toothed: sori 1-3 to each segment: indusia fugacious. 

 In swampy woods near Oviedo, Florida. Naturalized from Asia. 



8. Dryopteris cristata (L.) A. Gray. Eootstocks stout, creeping, densely 

 chaffy. Sterile leaves low, short-stalked, spreading, much shorter than the fertile, 

 evergreen. Fertile leaves with petioles 1.5-2.5 dm. long, rigidly erect; blades 

 linear-oblong or lanceolate, acuminate, 3-8 dm. long, pinnate; leaflets spaced, oblong- 

 lanceolate to triangular-ovate, deeply pinnatifid; segments 6-10" pairs, oblong to 

 triangular-oblong, obtuse, finely serrate: sori nearly medial: indusia glabrous. 



In wet woods and swamps, Newfoundland to Saskatchewan, south to Kentucky, 

 Arkansas, Nebraska and Idaho. Also in Europe and Asia. 



9. Dryopteris Floridana (Hook.) Kuntze. Leaves in two rows, upon a rather 

 slender woody creeping densely chaffy rootstock. Petioles 15-25 cm. long, chaffy; 

 leaf -blades lanceolate or oblanceolate, 45-60 cm. long; leaflets various, sparsely 

 chaffy along the midribs, the fertile ones confined to the upper half of the leaf -blade, 

 narrowly lanceolate, cut nearly to the midvein into spaced oblong segments; sterile 

 leaflets broader, the lower ones shorter and less deeply cut. 



In swamps, Georgia, Florida arid Alabama. 



10. Dryopteris Clintoniana (D. C. Eaton) Dowell. Eootstock stout, creeping, 

 densely chaffy. Petioles 3 dm. or more long, stramineous or brownish, with thin 

 concolorous or rarely darker-centered scales; leaf -blades 4.5-9 dm. long, 13-22 cm. 

 broad, oblong to ovate-oblong, acute or acuminate, deeply 2 -pinnatifid ; leaflets apart, 

 oblong-lanceolate, broadest at the base, or the lower ones unequally elongate-triangu- 

 lar; segments oblong, usually obtuse, serrate, or the basal ones pinnately cut: sori 

 3-7 pairs, near the midvein: indusia glabrous. 



In swampy woods, Maine and Ontario to Wisconsin, south to North Carolina. 



11. Dryopteris Goldieana (Hook.) A. Gray. Rootstock stout, ascending, chaffy. 

 Petioles 2.5-4.5 dm. long, densely covered below with large lanceolate usually dark 

 lustrous scales; leaf -blades ovate to oblong, 6-12 dm. long, nearly glabrous, dark- 

 green above, nearly 2-pinnate; leaflets broadly lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 

 broadest above the base, 1.5-2.5 dm. long; segments about 20 pairs, oblong-linear, 

 subfalcate, serrate, the teeth appressed: sori 6-10 pairs, near the midrib, close but 

 distinct, large: indusia orbicular, glabrous. 



In rich woods, New Brunswick to Minnesota, south to North Carolina, Tennessee 

 and Iowa. 



12. Dryoyteris marginalia (L.) A. Gray. Rootstocks stout, woody, ascending, 

 with bright brown shining scales. Leaves in a crown, evergreen; petioles 7-20 cm. 

 long, chaffy below; blades ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, leathery, 1.5-7.5 dm. long, 

 1-2-pinnate, acuminate, slightly narrowed at the base; leaflets numerous, nearly 

 sessile, glabrous, 5-12.5 cm. long, the lower unequally triangular-lanceolate, those 

 above lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate; segments oblong or lanceolate, falcate, sub- 

 entire, crenate or pinnately lobed, partially adnate or the lowest sessile: sori distant, 

 close to the margin: indusia glabrous. 



In rocky woods, Nova Scotia to British Columbia, south to Georgia, Alabama and 

 Arkansas. 



13. Dryopteris intermedia (Muhl.) Gray. Rootstock creeping or ascending. 

 Leaves equal, spreading in a complete crown; petioles with light brown concolorous 

 or darker-centered scales; blades similar in size and shape to those of D. spinulosa, 

 but somewhat broader, glandular-pubescent when young; leaflets usually at right 

 angles to the rachis, the lower ones at least pinnate, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 

 the upper ones lanceolate to oblong, acuminate; pinnules convex, oblong or lanceolate, 

 acute, the largest not deeurrent, pinnately divided nearly at right angles; segments 

 dentate, usually straight : sori submarginal, not quite terminal : indusia glandular. 



In moist woods, Newfoundland to Wisconsin, south to North Carolina and Tennessee. 



14. Dryopteris spinulosa (Retz) Kuntze. Rootstock stout, creeping, chaffy. 

 Leaves in an incomplete crown, the taller erect, the others spreading; petioles with 

 pale brownish concolorous scales; blades 1.5-4.5 dm. long, 9-17 cm. broad, ovate- 

 lanceolate to oblong, acuminate, deeply 2-pinnatifid; leaflets oblique, the lower ones 

 unequally deltoid or deltoid-ovate, those above lanceolate to oblong, acuminate; 

 pinnules flat, oblong to lanceolate, acute, deeurrent, pinnately cut almost to the 

 midveins, the segments somewhat incised, the teeth mucronate, falcate, somewhat 

 appressed: sori submarginal, terminal on veinlets: indusia without glands. 



In rich low woods, Labrador to Selkirk and Idaho, south to North Carolina and 

 Kentucky. Also in Europe. 



