34 PINACEAE 



than in P. Taeda: cones 9-14 cm. long, narrowly conic when closed, cylindric or 

 conie-cylindric when open, the scale-appendages thin, projecting far beyond the 

 slender spine: seeds 5-7 mm. long, the wing 2-2.5 cm. long. 



In swampy soil near the coast, South Carolina and Georgia. POND, or SLASH PINE. 



6. Firms serotina .Michx. A tree becoming 25 m. tall, with many short irregu- 

 lar branches near the base, the bark flaky: leaves in 3's, glaucous, 15-25 cm. long, 

 crowded; sheaths about 15 mm. long: staminate aments 1.5-2 cm. long: cones 4-6 cm. 

 long, ovoid or globular-ovoid when closed, very broad when open, each scale with a 

 thick appendage and a minute spine: seeds 3-4 mm. long, the wing 2 cm. long. 



In sandy swamps, southern New Jersey to Florida. BLACK, or POND PINE. 



7. Firms glabra Walt. A tree becoming 40 m. tall, the trunk with a relatively 

 smooth bark and with spreading branches near the base, except in the case of very 

 old trees: leaves in 2's, glaucous, 4-8 cm. long, very slender; sheaths 5-8 mm. long: 

 staminate aments about 1 cm. long: cones 3.5-5 cm. long, conic when closed, ovoid 

 when open, each appendage with a minute or almost obsolete spine: seeds about 4 

 mm. long, the wing usually 1.5 cm. long. 



In hammocks and river swamps, South Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. SPRUCE, 

 CEDAB, WHITE, or WALTER'S PINE. 



8. Finus echinata Mill. A tree becoming 40 m. tall, the bark very rough and 

 coarsely furrowed: leaves in 2's or rarely in 3's, deep green, 8-12 cm. long, slender; 

 sheath 10-15 mm. long: cones 5-6.5 cm. long, conic when closed, ovoid when open, 

 each appendage with a slender spine: seeds 4-5 mm. long, the wing 1.5-2 em. long. 



In clay, sand or rocky soil, New York to Kansas, Florida and Texas. SHORT-LEAF, or 

 YELLOW PINE. 



9. Firms clausa Chapm. A tree becoming 24 m. tall, the bark relatively 

 smooth: leaves in 2's, deep green, 4-8 cm. long, very slender; sheaths 5-7 mm. long: 

 cones 4.5-6 cm. long, conic when closed, ovoid when open, each scale-appendage with 

 a stout spine near the middle: seeds 4 mm. long, the wing about 1.5 cm. long. 



On sand ridges near the coast, Florida and Alabama. SAND PINE. 



10. Pinus Virginian a Mill. A tree becoming 36 m. tall, the bark rough and 

 readily flaky, the twigs glaucous : leaves in 2 's, deep green, 4-7 cm. long, rather 

 stout; sheaths 5-8 mm. long: cones 5-7 cm. long, narrowly conic when closed, ovoid 

 when open, each scale-appendage with a curved spine: seeds 4-5 mm. long, the wings 

 fully 1.5 cm. long. 



In sandy or stony soil, New York to Indiana, Georgia and Alabama. SCRUB, JERSEY or 

 POVERTY PINE. 



11. Finus rigida Mill. A tree becoming 25 m. tall, with stiff branches, 

 the bark very rough, the twigs yellow : leaves in 3 's, bright green, 6-12 cm. long, 

 rather stout; sheaths 10-15 mm. long: cones 4-7 cm. long, ovoid when closed, globose- 

 ovoid or depressed when open, the scale-appendages relatively thin, each with a 

 recurved spine: seeds 44.5 mm. long, the wings about 1.5 cm. long. 



On rocky or sandy ridges, New Brunswick and Ontario to Georgia and Alabama. 

 PITCH PINK. 



12. Pinus pungens Michx. A tree becoming 18 m. tall, the bark rather smooth 

 but flaky. Leaves in 2's, bright green, 5-10 cm. long, stout, rigid: cones 8-12 cm. 

 long, very persistent, ovoid when closed, globose-ovoid or depressed when open, the 

 scale-appendages very thick, each with a stout incurved spine: seeds 6-7 mm. long^ 

 the wing fully 2 cm. long. 



In stony soil or on cliffs, mountains and adjacent regions, New Jersey and Pennsylvania 

 to Georgia. TABLE MOUNTAIN PINE. 



2. CARYOFITIS Small. 



Shrubs or trees. Leaves needle-like in 2's or 3's, or solitary, each with one 

 fibro-vascular bundle. Staminate and ovulate aments borne as in Pinus. Cones spread- 

 ing or recurved: scales leathery, with the dorsal appendages often minutely spine 

 armed. Seed obscurely, if at all, samara-like, the wing very narrow or a mere margin 

 which remains attached to the scale when the seed falls. 



1. Caryopitis dulis (Engelm.) Small. A tree becoming 12 m. tall, the bark 

 irregularly ridged: leaves in 2's or rarely in 3's, 2-5 cm. long; sheath early decid- 

 uous: cones ovoid, 4-6 cm. long, each scale-appendage with a minute incurved tip: 

 seeds ovoid, fully 1 cm. long. 



In arid soil or on bluffs, Wyoming to Texas and Mexico. Spring. NUT PINE. PINON. 



