CYPERAOEAE 211 



ding, or the upper erect: perigynia 3-angled, somewhat swollen, abruptly sharp-beaked, 3-4 

 mm. long, about as long as the ovate awned scales. 



In wet soil, southeastern Virginia to Florida, Missouri and Mississippi. Summer. 



37. Car ex vir6scens Muhl. Stems and scapes slender, rough above, 1.5-5 dm. tall : 

 leaves light green, pubescent, especially the sheaths ; blades narrowly linear-elongated : 

 spikes 2-5, short-stalked, erect or nearly so, 8-20 mm. long, about 3 mm. in diameter, the 

 terminal one staminate below : scales oblong-ovate ; cuspidate, slightly shorter than the 

 perigynia : perigynia 3-sided, rather less than 2 mm. long, green, beakless, the orifice 

 entire. 



In dry woods and thickets, Maine and Ontario to Michigan, North Carolina and Missouri. Summer. 



38. Carex costellata Britton. Similar to the next preceding species, but taller and 

 more spreading. Leaves pubescent ; blades broader : spikes 2-5, rather loose, 3 mm. in 

 diameter, the terminal one staminate below, the lower one commonly filiform -stalked : 

 scales ovate, shorter than the perigynia : perigynia narrowed at each end, 2 mm. long, 

 rather more than 1 mm. thick. [ C. costata Schwein. , not Presl. ] 



In woods, Maine and Ontario to North Carolina. Summer. 



39. Carex triceps Michx. Stems and scapes rough above, 1.5-9 dm. long: leaves 

 bright or light green, pubescent ; blades 2-4 mm. wide : spikes 2-5, dense, erect, sessile or 

 very nearly so, 6-20 mm. long, usually clustered, the terminal one staminate at the base : 

 scales ovate, or lanceolate-acuminate : perigynia oval or obovoid, flattened, not inflated, 

 green or greenish brown, few-nerved, usually pubescent when young, when mature 1-2 

 mm. long, the orifice minutely notched or entire : achene elliptic-obovoid, its summit 

 not bent. 



In woods, fields and swamps, Massachusetts to southern Ontario and Michigan, Florida and Texas. 

 Spring and summer. 



40. Carex Caroliniana Schwein. Stems and scapes slender, rough above, 3-6 dm. 

 tall : leaves rather dark green, glabrous except the sheaths ; blades 2-3 mm. wide : spikes 

 2-4, oblong, dense, sessile or nearly so, 8-12 mm. long, clustered, the upper one staminate 

 at the base : scale brown, ovate, mucronate : perigynia subglobose or obovoid, swollen, 

 about 1 mm. in diameter, nerveless or faintly nerved, brown, beakless : achenes pyriform, 

 bent at the summit or tipped with the bent styles. [ C. Smithii Porter. ] 



In meadows, New Jersey and Pennsylvania to North Carolina and Arkansas. Spring and summer. 



41. Carex gracillima Schwein. Stems and scapes roughish above, 3-10 dm. long : 

 leaves dark green, glabrous ; blades 3-6 mm. wide, shorter than the scape : lower bract 

 foliaceous : spikes 3-5, 2-6 cm. long, about 4 mm. thick or sometimes much smaller, fili- 

 form-stalked and drooping, the upper one partly or wholly staminate : scales ovate-oblong, 

 pale, as long as the perigynia: perigynia ovoid-oblong, obtuse, few-nerved, glabrous, 

 2 mm. long. 



In moist woods and meadows, Nova Scotia to Manitoba, North Carolina, Ohio and Mississippi. 

 Spring and summer. 



42. Carex aestivalis M. A. Curtis. Stems and scapes slender or filiform, 2-5 dm. 

 tall : leaf -blades flat, elongated, 2-3 mm. wide, sheaths usually pubescent : spikes 3-5, nar- 

 rowly linear, erect or somewhat spreading, 2-5 cm. long, about 3 mm. thick, the terminal 

 staminate at the base or also at the summit : scales ovate-oblong, the lower cuspidate or 

 short- awned : perigynia oblong, 3-sided, few-nerved, 2 mm. long, beakless, the orifice entire. 



In mountain woods, Massachusetts and New York to Georgia. Summer. 



43. Carex oxylepis Torr. & Hook. Stems and scapes slender, smooth, 2-6 dm. tall : 

 leaves pubescent, especially the sheaths ; blades 3-6 mm. wide : spikes 4 or 5, linear-cylin- 

 dric, 2-5 cm. long, about 4 mm. in diameter, filiform-stalked, the terminal one staminate 

 at the base or sometimes wholly staminate : scales ovate-lanceolate, short-awned, shorter 

 than the perigynia : perigynia oblong, 3-angled, pointed at both ends, less than 2 mm. 

 thick, several-nerved, the orifice entire. 



In low grounds, Missouri to Tennessee, South Carolina, Florida and Texas. Spring. 



44. Carex Davisii Schwein & Torr. Similar to the next preceding species, stouter. 

 Leaves pubescent ; blades 3-6 mm. wide : lower bract foliaceous : spikes clustered, or the 

 lower one distant, 6 mm. in diameter, at length spreading or drooping, the terminal one 

 staminate at the base : scales lanceolate or oval, long-awned, equalling or longer than the 

 perigynia : perigynia much swollen, strongly several-nerved, 4-5 mm. long, each with a 

 short but conspicuously 2-toothed beak. 



In moist thickets and meadows, Massachusetts to New York, Minnesota, Georgia, Kentucky, Kan- 

 sas and the Indian Territory. Spring and summer. 



