OECHIDACEAE 309 



2. Burmannia capitata (Walt.) Mart. Stems 5-20 cm. tall: leaf -scales 1-5 

 mm. long: flowers several or many in a terminal cluster: corolla-lobes obsolete: 

 capsules 2-3 mm. long. 



In low pine lands, North Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. 



2. AFTERIA Nutt. 



Perennial herbs. Flowers nodding, long-pedicelled, white or purple. Filaments 

 with wing-like appendages: connective not prolonged beyond the anther-sacs. 



1. Apterla aphylla (Nutt.) Barnhart. Stems 5-20 cm. long, mostly simple: 

 leaf -scales 1-2 mm. long: flowers 10-15 mm. long: capsules 5-8 mm. long. 

 In deep swampy woods, Georgia to Florida and Louisiana. Summer and fall. 



FAMILY 2. ORCHIDACEAE Lindl. ORCHID FAMILY. 



Perennial herbs, commonly succulent, with tuberous or fibrous roots, conns, 

 bulbs or elongated rootstocks. Stems or scapes usually simple, at least below 

 the inflorescence. Leaves basal or cauline, various, often reduced to scales, 

 mostly sheathing at the base. Flowers perfect, irregular, solitary or disposed in 

 a simple or compound inflorescence. Perianth inconspicuous or showy, usually 

 of 2 series. Sepals 3, alike, or nearly so. Petals 3, of 2 kinds, the 2 lateral 

 (" petals ") similar, and the middle one (" lip ") usually very different from the 

 other petals, often prolonged below into a spur, sometimes inferior by the torsion 

 of the pedicel or ovary. Androecium irregular, of one or more staments, adnate 

 to the style, forming an asymmetrical column. Anther 1, or rarely 2 anthers, 

 often 2-celled, containing 2-8 waxy or powdery pollinia; these pollen-masses 

 usually stalked, united by elastic threads and often attached at the base to a 

 viscid gland. Gynoecium of 3 united carpels. Ovary inferior, 1-celled, twisted. 

 Style commonly terminating in a beak at the base of the anther, or between its 

 sacs. Stigma a viscid surface facing the lip beneath the beak or between the 

 anther-sacs. Ovules numerous, on 3 placentae, anatropous. Fruit a 3-valved 

 capsule. Seeds numerous, very small, each with a loose reticulated testa. En- 

 dosperm wanting. Embryo fleshy. 



Anthers 2: lip a large inflated sac. 



Caulescent plants: leaves several: lip with a rounded opening: sterile stamen glabrous: stigma 



broadest at the base. 1. CYPRIPEDIUM. 



Scapose plants: leaves 2, basal: lip with a fissure down the front: 



sterile stamen glandular-pubescent: stigma broadest at the apex. 2. FISSIPES. 



Anther 1 : lip various. 



Pollina developing tails at the base of the anther which are connected 

 with the glands of the rostellum; filament very short and broad: 

 anther persistent. 

 Stigma flat, without appendages. 



Glands of the stigma enclosed in a pouch. 3. GALEORCHIS. 



Glands of the stigma naked, or merely surrounded by the ap- 

 pendages of the anther. 

 Glands covered by a thin membrane which is deciduous 



with them. 4. COELOGLOSSUM. 



Glands without a membrane. 



Valves of the anther not enclosing the glands below. 



Lip entire or shallowly lobed. 5. LYSIAS. 



Lip cut-toothed or fringed. 6. BLEPHARIGLOTTIS. 



Valves of the anther enclosing the glands below by the 



infolding of the margins. 7. PERULARIA. 



Stigma with well developed appendages. 



Base of the anther with long slender appendages. 



Lip 3-parted: stigmas erect. 8. HABENARIA. 



Lip entire or nearly so: stigmas drooping. 9. HABENELLA. 



Base of the anther without appendages. 10. GYMNADENIOPSIS. 



Pollinia without tails (or they are rarely developed) ; filament mostly 



thin and brittle, the anther therefore usually deciduous. 

 Flowering stem terminal. 



Leaves convolute in the bud. 



Anther generally rounded or very blunt, usually much ex- 

 ceeding the rostellum. 

 Lip without a sac, mostly without a spur. 



Lip appressed to the column: anther inclined or 



pendulous: seed not covered with a crust. 

 Lip free, spurless. 



Plants caulescent: stem-leaves solitary or 

 several, sometimes reduced to scales. 



