ROSACEAE 517 



hypanthium bristly : sepals lanceolate, acuminate, 5-6 mm. long, spreading : petals white, 

 cuneate or oblanceolate, about 5 mm. long, ascending, obtuse : fruit high-hemispheric, 

 light red, or rarely white, 8-10 mm. broad. 



In rocky soil, Newfoundland to Labrador and British Columbia, North Carolina and New Mexico. 

 Spring and summer. RED RASPBERRY. 



3. Rubus cuneifolius Pursh. An erect much-branched armed shrub, 0.5-1 m. tall. 

 Leaves 3-foliolate, or those on the shoots 5-foliolate, with stout prickly petioles : blades of 

 the leaflets leathery, acute or abruptly acuminate, glabrous or nearly so and rugose above, 

 densely tomentose beneath, sharply serrate, the terminal one cuneate : flowers usually few, 

 in terminal corymbs : hypanthium woolly : sepals ovate or oval, about 4 mm. long : petals 

 white or pink, cuneate : fruit oblong, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, black or nearly so, sweet. 



In sandy soil, Connecticut to Missouri, Florida and Louisiana. Spring and summer. 



4. Rubus nigrobdccus Bailey. A straggling branched shrub, with glandular-pilose 

 young foliage, armed with recurved prickles, the stems 1-3 m. long, angled in age. Leaves 

 3-foliolate, or sometimes 5-foliolate : blades of the leaflets thickish, ovate, oval or obovate, 

 5-11 cm. long, acute or acuminate, coarsely and unequally serrate, softly pubescent at least 

 beneath : flowers in terminal or axillary racemes : hypanthium glandular : sepals elliptic- 

 lanceolate, 6-7 mm. long, acuminate : petals white or pink, 1-2 cm. long, obovate to sub- 

 orbicular : fruit oval to globose-oval, 12-25 mm. long, black, juicy. [M. villosus A. Gray, 

 not Ait. ] 



In dry soil, chiefly in thickets, New England to Florida and Arkansas. Spring. 



5. Rubus Allegheniensis Porter. Resembling R. nigrobaccus, but with more densely 

 glandular foliage, the stems rather more slender, erect or spreading, 6-25 dm. long, copiously 

 prickly, red or purple. Leaves 3-5-foliolate : blades of the leaflets relatively narrow, ovate- 

 lanceolate to ovate, elliptic, oblong or oval : corolla 2.5-3 cm. broad : fruit cylindric, 

 16-28 mm. long, much less juicy than that of related species but of a peculiar spicy flavor. 



In dry, usually stony soil, Ontario to New York and North Carolina. Spring and early summer. 



6. Rubus ostryifolius Rydb. An ascending. or depressed shrub, with brownish pur- 

 ple stems 6-12 dm. long, armed with stout prickles, these broad and flat at the base, the 

 young foliage villous. Leaves 5-foliolate : blades of the leaflets oblong or ovate-oblong, 

 4-8 cm. long, rather simply serrate, glabrate or slightly pubescent above, finely villous 

 beneath : inflorescence villous and somewhat prickly : corymbs 1-5-flowered : sepals ovate, 

 with short subulate tips : corolla 1-2 cm. broad : fruit hemispheric, less than 1 cm. high, 

 black, rather dry. 



Along or near the coast, New Jersey to North Carolina, Florida and Louisiana. Spring and summer. 



7. Rubus frondosus Bigel. An erect or spreading shrub, with closely pubescent 

 foliage, armed with straight or slightly curved prickles, the stems 0.5-2 m. long. Leaves 3- 

 or rarely 5-foliolate : blades of the leaflets elliptic to oval, varying to ovate or obovate, 

 1.5-6 cm. long, usually acute or acuminate, sharply but rather finely serrate and incised: 

 flowers in terminal leafly-bracted racemes : petals white or pinkish, obovate to oblong- 

 cuneate, 1-1.5 cm. long: fruit oblong-cylindric, 1-1.5 cm. long, fleshy. \_R. villosus var. 

 frondosus Torr. ] 



In dry or rocky soil, Prince Edward's Island to Michigan and North Carolina. Spring and summer. 



8. Rubus fldridus Tratt. Similar to R. frondosus in habit, the stem armed with fla t 

 hooked prickles. Leaves 3-foliolate : blades of the leaflets ovate, obovate or rhombic, 3-6 

 cm. long, acute or slightly acuminate, coarsely and mostly doubly serrate, silky- villous 

 when young, glabrate in age, except the nerves beneath : inflorescence silky-villous, the 

 corymbs several-flowered : corolla 3-3.5 cm. broad. 



In thickets, Georgia and Florida. Spring. 



9. Rubus Randii (Bailey) Rydb. A low and diffuse shrub, with almost glabrous 

 foliage, the stems 5-6 dm. long, with few weak prickles or commonly unarmed and chiefly 

 herbaceous. Leaves 3-foliolate, or 5-foliolate on the shoots : blades of the leaflets thin, ovate 

 to ovate -lanceolate, long-acuminate, sharply and doubly serrate, the terminal one slender- 

 stalked : inflorescence bristly, but not glandular, elongated : flowers numerous : corolla 

 1.5-2.5 cm. broad : fruit globose-hemispheric, less than 1 cm. long. 



In woods and thickets, Maine to the Lake Superior region and North Carolina. Spring and summer . 



10. Rubus argutus Link. Resembling R. Randii, but stems 1-2 m. long, purple, 

 angled, armed with stout slightly recurved prickles. Leaves various, those of flowering 

 branches relatively small and the upper ones often 1-foliolate : inflorescence corymbose, 

 short, many-flowered : corolla 2-3 cm. broad : petals oval or obovate : fruit hemispheric, 

 about 1 cm. high. 



In dry soil, Prince Edward's Island to Georgia and Alabama. Spring and early summer. 



