MALACEAE 531 



4. ARONIA Pers. 



Shrubs, with alternate simple leaves : blades petioled, finely serrate, the upper side of 

 the midrib glandular, the narrow stipules early deciduous. Flowers small, in terminal com- 

 pound cymes. Hypanthium urn-shaped. Sepals 5. Petals 5, white or pink, concave, 

 spreading. Stamens numerous. Styles 3-5, united at the base. Ovary woolly. Pome 

 small, globose or somewhat top-shaped, its carpels rather leathery. CHOKEBERRY. 



Cymes and lower surfaces of the leaf-blades woolly : fruit red or purple-black. 



Fruit broadly pyriform, bright red. 1. A. arbutifolia. 



Fruit oval or globose, purple-black. 2. A. atropurpurea. 



Cymes and surfaces of the leaf-blades glabrous : fruit black or purplish. 3. A. nigra. 



1. Aronia arbutifolia (L. f. ) Ell. A branching shrub, sometimes reaching a height 

 of 3.5 m., but usually lower. Leaf -blades oval, oblong or obovate, obtuse or abruptly 

 short-pointed at the apex, narrowed or somewhat cuneate at the base, 2.5-7.5 cm. long, 

 serrulate-crenulate, glabrous above, generally densely tomentose beneath : cymes terminal, 

 but at length overtopped by the young sterile shoots, compound : hypanthium and pedicels 

 tomentose : corolla white or purplish tinged, 8-12 mm. broad : pome 4-6 mm. in diameter, 

 broadly pyriform, and bright red when mature, long persistent. [Pyrus arbutifolia L.f.] 



In swamps and wet woods, Nova Scotia to Minnesota, Florida and Louisiana. Spring. 



2. Aronia atropurpurea Britton. A branching shrub, reaching a height of 4 m. 

 Leaf -blades quite similar to those of the preceding species, tomentose beneath : cymes 

 tomentose : flowers quite similar to those of A. arbutifolia : pome oval to globose, 6-10 mm. 

 long, purple-black. 



In low grounds or wet soil, Nova Scotia to Florida. Spring. 



3. Aronia nigra (Willd. ) Britton. A shrub resembling the preceding species, but 

 larger, sometimes 5 m. tall. Leaf-blades obovate or oval, obtuse, acute, or abruptly acu- 

 minate at the apex, narrowed or cuneate at the base, short-petioled, crenulate, dark green 

 above, paler beneath, glabrous or nearly so on both surfaces : flowers similar to those of the 

 preceding species : hypanthium and pedicels nearly glabrous : fruit globose or oval, nearly 

 black, or purplish black, 6-8 mm. in diameter. 



In swamps or low woods, or in dryer soil, Nova Scotia to Ontario, Florida and Michigan. Spring 



5. AMELANCHIER Medic. 



Shrubs or trees, the branches unarmed. Leaves alternate : blades simple, petioled, 

 serrate or entire. Flowers racemose or rarely solitary, white. Hypanthium campanulate, 

 more or less adnate to the ovary. Sepals 5, narrow, reflexed, persistent. Petals 5. Sta- 

 mens 8, inserted on the throat of the hypanthium : filaments subulate. Styles 2-5, connate, 

 pubescent at the base. Ovary wholly or partly inferior, the cavities becoming twice as 

 many as the styles. Ovule one in each cavity, erect. Pome small, berry-like, 4-10-celled. 

 Testa of the seeds cartilaginous. JUNE-BERRY. SERVICE-BERRY. MAY CHERRY. 



Leaf-blades acute or acuminate at the apex : top of the ovary glabrous or nearly so. 



Leaf-blades ovate or ovate-lanceolate, rounded or cordate at the base, glabrous at maturity. 



1. A. Canadensis. 

 Leaf-blades oblong, oval, ovate or. obovate, rarely subcordate at the base : densely 



white-woolly beneath at least when young. 2. A. Botryapium. 



Leaf-blades rounded, obtuse or merely abruptly pointed at the apex : top of the 



ovary woolly. 



Low shrub, 3-6 dm. tall : petals 4-8 mm. long. 3. A. spicata. 



Tree or tall shrub : petals 10-16 mm. long. 4. A. rotundifolia. 



1. Amelanchier Canadensis (L.) Medic. A tree, sometimes reaching the height of 

 17 mm., with a trunk diameter of 6 dm. but usually lower, seldom over 8 m. high. Leaf- 

 blades ovate or oval, acute or acuminate at the apex, rounded or cordate at the base, 

 sharply and finely serrate, sometimes sparingly pubescent when young, soon entirely 

 glabrous, 2.5-7.5 cm. long, or larger on young shoots : racemes spreading or drooping: 

 pedicels long, slender : bracts silky, purplish, deciduous : petals linear, linear-spatulate or 

 linear-oblong, 12-18 mm. long, 3-4 times the length of the nearly or quite glabrous calyx 

 and hypanthium : pome globose, red or purple, sweet, about 6 mm. high. 



In dry woodlands, Newfoundland to Ontario, Florida and Louisiana. Early spring. 



2. Amelanchier Botryapium (L. f.) DC. A shrub or small tree, sometimes 9 m. 

 high, the foliage and inflorescence densely white-woolly when young, often nearly or quite 

 glabrous when old. Leaf-blades oval, oblong, elliptic or obovate, acute at the apex, 

 rounded, or sometimes narrowed or subcordate at the base, finely and sharply serrate nearly 

 all around: racemes short, usually rather dense: pedicels short, seldom over 2-5 cm. 



