CASSIACEAE 589 



late-turbinate tube. Petals 3-5, nearly equal. Keceptacle very small. Stamens 6-10, 

 longer than the petals : filaments distinct : anthers uniform in size, opening lengthwise, 

 Pod elliptic or elongated, flattened, more or less curved and twisted, indehiscent or tardily 

 dehiscent, the valves leathery. Seeds flattened. The plants flower in the spring. HONEY 

 LOCUST. 



Ovary glabrous : pods oval or elliptic, 1-seeded, or rarely 2-seeded. 1. G. aquatica. 

 Ovary pubescent : pods linear or oblong-linear, many-seeded. 



Trees unarmed : pods 10-13 cm. long, not twisted, not pulpy within. 2. G. Texana. 



Trees usually armed : pods 20-30 cm. long, twisted, pulpy within. 3. G. triacanthot. 



1. Gleditsia aquatica Marsh. A tree sometimes 20 m. tall, armed with simple or 

 branching thorns. Bark dull gray : leaves numerous : leaflets 12-18, the blades leathery, 

 oblong to ovate or oblong-lanceolate, 2-4.5 cm. long, obtuse or retuse at the apex, obtuse at 

 the base, crenate, lustrous above, paler beneath : staminate racemes 5-8 cm. long, loosely 

 flowered : calyx-lobes lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, sparingly pubescent : petals 

 oblong or oval-oblong, rather longer than the calyx-lobes : pods oval or elliptic, oblique, 

 3-5 cm. long, abruptly acuminate at both ends : seed solitary, or rarely 2 seeds in a pod. 



In swamps, Indiana and Missouri to South Carolina, Florida and Louisiana. WATER LOCUST. 



2. Gleditsia Texana Sarg. A tree becoming 30-36 m. tall, unarmed. Bark 

 pale, smooth: leaves numerous: leaflets 12-22, the blades mainly oblong-ovate, 1.2-2.5 

 cm. long, obtuse or acute, and apiculate at the apex, firm, crenulate-serrate, deep green 

 and lustrous above, pale beneath, obliquely rounded at the base : staminate racemes slen- 

 der, 7-10 cm. long : calyx-lobes ovate, acute, villous : petals slightly longer than the 

 calyx-lobes : stamens exserted : pods linear-oblong, flat, 10-13 cm. long, straight, puber- 

 ulous, chestnut-brown : seeds several, oval, lustrous. 



In dry bottom lands, valley of the Brazos River, Texas. 



3. Gleditsia triacanthos L. A tree often 40 m. tall, usually armed with branching 

 thorns. Bark pale: leaves numerous: leaflets 12-28, the blades firm, ovate-lanceolate 

 varying to elliptic, 1-2.5 cm. long, inequilateral, crenulate, obtuse at both ends, like the 

 rachis often pubescent beneath : staminate racemes solitary or clustered, short-ped uncled, 

 3-12 cm. long : calyx-lobes unequal, narrowly oblong to lanceolate : petals greenish, oval 

 to oblong-oval, considerably longer than the calyx-lobes : pods elongated, linear, 20-30 

 cm. long, somewhat curved and twisted, black, lustrous : seeds numerous. 



In rich woods, Ontario to Kansas, Florida and Texas. 



5. GYMNOCLADUS Lam. 



Unarmed trees, clothed with a rough deeply furrowed bark, the branches stout, pithy. 

 Leaves alternate, unequally bipinnate, deciduous. Leaflets opposite or nearly so, the 

 blades entire, membranous. Flowers polygamous, regular, in terminal racemes or thir- 

 soid panicles. Calyx-lobes 5, narrow, equal, erect or somewhat spreading, surmounting the 

 long tube. Corolla greenish white. Petals 5, inserted on the edge of the disk, rather 

 longer than the calyx-lobes. Stamens 10 : filaments subulate, pubescent, those opposite 

 the petals often shorter : anthers introrse, opening lengthwise. Ovules numerous, pendu- 

 lous, anatropous. Pod oblong, flattened, slightly curved, woody. Seeds more or less 

 flattened, on slender funiculi. KENTUCKY COFFEE-TREE. 



1. Gymnocladus dioica ( L. ) Koch. A forest tree sometimes 33 m. tall, with a 

 deeply furrowed bark. Leaves with 5-9 pinnae : leaflets in 3-7 pairs and terminal ones 

 present or absent, the blades ovate or oval, 2-7 cm. long, acuminate at the apex, entire, 

 rounded at the base, short-stalked : panicles 1-3 dm. long, the pistillate larger than the 

 staminate : calyx pubescent within and without ; tube nearly cylindric, about 1 cm. long ; 

 lobes linear-lanceolate, 5-6 mm. long : corolla nearly white : petals oblong, slightly longer 

 than the calyx-lobes : pods oblong, 1-2 dm. long, flat, curved, thick : seeds lenticular, 

 nearly 2 cm. broad. 



In rich woods, Ontario to Minnesota, Nebraska, Tennessee and the Indian Territory. Spring. 



6. PARKINSONIA L. 



Shrubs or trees, clothed with a thin smooth bark and armed with simple or 3-branched 

 thorns. Leaves alternate, or fascicled : petioles very short, with 2-4 branches on which 

 are borne many pairs of small leaflets. Flowers in slender axillary solitary or fascicled 

 racemes. Calyx-lobes unequal, valvate or imbricated. Corolla bright yellow. Petals 5, 



