POLYGALACEAE 



683 



(wings), larger than the other three. Petals 3, or rarely 5, united below, the middle one 

 (keel) commonly lobed at the apex and crested, the others smaller. Stamens 8, or rarely 

 6 : filaments united into a tube, or into 2 sets of 3 or 4 each, sometimes adnate to the 

 petals : anthers 1-2-celled. Style curved, often club-shaped : stigmas sometimes 2-4- 

 lobed. Capsule flattened, 2-celled. Seed 1 in each cavity, usually bearing a caruncle. 

 Embryo straight in the thin endosperm. MILKWORT. 



Keel without beak or crest. 



Calyx caducous : capsules pubescent : shrubby plants. 



Foliage puberulent : wings obovate : capsules 8 mm. long. 

 Foliage tomentose : wings lanceolate : capsules 10 mm. long. 

 Calyx persistent : capsules glabrous : herbaceous plants. 

 Keel with a beak or a papillose or tufted crest. 

 Keel with a horn-like or hooded beak. 



Upper leaves with relatively broad blades, linear. 



Foliage pubescent with spreading hairs : rachides with 4-6 joints : wings 



acute at the base. 



Foliage pubescent with appressed or incurved hairs : rachides with 12- 

 18 joints : wings barely narrowed at the base. 



pedicels : corolla white, pink, cream-color or 

 purple. 

 Perennial. 



Flowers both normal and cleistogamous. 

 Flowers axillary : capsules 5-8 mm. long. 

 Flowers in terminal racemes : capsules 2-5 mm. long. 



Leaves not clustered : capsules slightly longer than^broad. 

 Leaves clustered : capsules twice longer than broad. 

 Flowers all normal. 



Corolla greenish white : leaves flat. 

 Corolla white or pink : leaves scale-like. 

 Annual or biennial, or perhaps sometimes perennial in P. Boykinii and P. 



alba. 



Petals united into a tube fully twice as long as the wings. 

 Petals not united into an elongated tube. 

 Racemes interrupted the flowers remote. 

 Racemes continuous, dense. 



Racemes slender, elongated, tapering. 

 Leaves alternate. 



Mature racemes over 5 mm. thick : wings 3 mm. long ; blades 



9-nerved. 

 Mature racemes less than 5 mm. thick : wings 1-2 mm. long ; 



blades 3-nerved. 



Leaves wholly or partly whorled. 

 Capsules about as broad as long. 

 Capsules manifestly longer than broad. 

 Stems several from the base. 



Capsules 1-1.5 mm. long, elliptic-oval : leaves less than 



10 mm. long. 

 Capsules 2-3 mm. long, oblong : leaves over 10 mm. 



long. 

 Stems solitary. 



Stem with internodes 4-6 times longer than the leaves. 

 Stem with internodes less than 4 times as long as the 



leaves 

 Leaves prevailingly alternate : wings shorter than 



the capsule. 

 Leaves prevailingly whorled : wings as long as the 



a capsule. 



Racemes stout, abbreviated. 

 Leaves alternate. 



Racemes mostly less than 11 mm. in diameter. 

 Racemes ovoid : wings nearly 4 mm. long. 

 Racemes cylindric : wings barely 2 mm. long. 

 Racemes mostly over 11 mm. in diameter. 

 Wings 3-4 mm. broad : seeds flask-shaped. 

 Wings 1.5-2 mm. broad : seeds pyriform. 

 Bracts persistent : seeds 1.5 mm. long. 

 Bracts deciduous : seeds 1 mm. long. 

 Leaves wholly or partially whorled. 

 Racemes loosely flowered, pointed. 

 Racemes dense, blunt. 



Racemes long-ped uncled : wings apiculate. 



Racemes sessile or short-peduncled : wings caudate-acumi- 



nate. 

 Sepals more or less conspicuously decurrent on the pedicel : corolla yellow, 



orange or rarely white. 

 A. Racemes solitary or several. 

 Wings acuminate. 

 Wings cuspidate. 



Wings 4-6 mm. long, 3 mm. broad : raceme orange-yellow. 

 Wings 7 mm. long, 4 mm. broad : raceme lemon-yellow. 



1. P. puberula. 



2. P. ovatifolia. 



3. P. grandiflora, 



4. P. Lindheimeri. 



5. P. Texensis. 



6. P. Tweedyi. 



7. P. paucifolia. 



8. P. polygama. 



9. P. Lewtonii. 



10. P. Senega. 



11. P. setacea. 



12. P. incarnata. 



13. P. Hugeri. 



14. P. Chapmanii. 



15. P. paludosa. 



16. P. Boykinii. 



17. P. sparsifolia. 



18. P. alba. 



19. P. leptostacliys. 



20. P. ambigua. 



21. P. verticillata. 



22. P. Mariana. 



23. P. Nuttallii. 



24. P. viridescens. 



25. P. Curtissii. 



26. P. Harper i. 



27. P. Hookeri. 



28. P. brevifolia. 



29. P. cruciata. 



30. P. nana. 



31. P. lutea. 



32. P. Rugelii. 



