730 CYRILLACEAE 



Androecium of 5 or 10 stamens, those opposite the petals shorter. Filaments 

 flattened, distinct. Anthers 2-celled, opening lengthwise. Disk annular, cup- 

 like or cylindric. Gynoecium a single pistil. Ovary 2-5-angled, 2-5-celled. 

 Style commonly wanting. Stigma 2-5-lobed. Ovules 1 or 4 in each cavity, an- 

 atropous, pendulous. Fruit small, crustaceous or spongy, dehiscent or iudehis- 

 cent, sometimes winged. Seeds often solitary in each cavity, elongated, with a 

 soft or somewhat mucous testa which merges into the fleshy endosperm. Em- 

 bryo cylindric, axile. 



Racemes lateral : sepals 5, equal : petals contorted, acute : stamens 5 : ovary 2-celled : ovules 2-3 : fruit 

 dehiscent, not winged. 1. CYRILLA. 



Racemes terminal: sepals 5-8, unequal: petals imbricated, obtuse: stamens 10: ovary 



3-4-celled : ovule 1 : fruit indehiscent, winged. 2. CLIFTONIA. 



1. CYRILLA Garden. 



Glabrous shrubs or small trees, with a pale bark. Leaves alternate : blades leathery, 

 commonly broadest above the middle. Flowers small, in slender lateral spike-like racemes 

 arising from the twigs of the present year. Pedicels erect or spreading. Sepals 5, leathery? 

 equal. Petals 5, somewhat leathery, longer than the sepals, involute toward the apex, 

 acute, contorted. Stamens 5, inserted at the base of the corolla. Disk cylindric. Ovary 

 elongated, 2-celled, stigma 2-lobed. Ovules 2-3 in each cavity. Capsule slightly elon- 

 gated, 2-celled, opening loculicidally. Seeds pointed at one end, with a membranous 

 testa. Embryo with a stout radicle. IRONWOOD. LEATHER-WOOD. BED OR WHITE 

 TITI. 



Larger leaves 1-4 cm. long : capsule subglobose, 1.5-2 mm. long. 1. C. parvifolia. 



Larger leaves 5-10 cm. long : capsule ovoid, 2.5 mm. long. 2. C. racemiflora. 



1. Cyrilla parvifolia Raf. A glabrous evergreen compact and much branched shrub 

 1-2 m. tall. Leaf-blades leathery, oblanceolate or linear-oblanceolate, 1-4 cm. long, acute 

 or apiculate, lustrous above, paler beneath, more or less reticulated : racemes slender, 3-8 

 cm. long : pedicels 1-2 mm. long, commonly surpassing the subulate bracts : sepals trian- 

 gular, 1 mm. long : corolla white, 3-4 mm. broad : petals narrowly elliptic-ovate, 2. 5 mm. 

 long, obtuse, thickened at the base and above the midrib : stamens included : capsule sub- 

 globose, 1.5-2 mm. long, slightly granular. 



In swamps and streams, Florida and Louisiana. Spring. 



2. Cyrilla racemiflora L. A much branched glabrous shrub or small tree reaching a 

 height of 10 m. and a maximum trunk diameter of 3 dm., the trunks clothed with a close 

 pale or whitish bark. Leaf-blades rather leathery, oblanceolate, obovate or nearly oblong, 

 2-10 cm. long, obtuse, acute or acuminate, more or less strongly reticulated, lustrous 

 above, dull and paler beneath : racemes slender, 8-15 cm. long : pedicels ascending or 

 finally spreading, sometimes surpassed by their subulate bracts : sepals ovate or ovate- 

 lanceolate, 1 mm. long, acute : corolla white, 4-5 mm. broad : petals lanceolate or oblong- 

 lanceolate, 2-2.5 mm. long, acute: capsule ovoid, about 2.5 mm. long, obtuse, minutely 

 granular : seeds narrowly ovoid. 



In swamps and along streams, Virginia to Florida and Texas. Spring and early summer. 



2. CLIFTONIA Gaertn. 



Glabrous shrubs or small trees, with a dark bark. Stems often contorted. Leaves 

 alternate : blades leathery, mostly broadest above the middle. Flowers in terminal racemes. 

 Pedicels drooping. Sepals 5-8, united at the base, unequal. Petals 5-8, narrowed into 

 short claws, hooded at the apex, obtuse. Stamens 10, inserted at the base of the petals : 

 filaments flattened below. Disk cup-like. Ovary elongated, 3-4-celled : stigma 3-4-lobed. 

 Ovules solitary in each cavity. Fruit indehiscent, the angles developing 3-4 wings. Seeds 

 elongated, pointed at both ends, with a soft testa. Embryo with .a slender radicle. TITI. 

 BUCKWHEAT-TREE. BLACK TITI. IRON- WOOD. 



1. Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britton. An evergreen shrub or small tree, reach- 

 ing a height of 6 m. with a trunk diameter of 0.5 m., the trunk clothed with a dark, 

 slightly scaly bark. Leaf-blades leathery, narrowly-elliptic or elliptic-oblanceolate, 4-6 

 cm. long, lustrous above, paler beneath, obtuse or acutish, entire, sessile : racemes 2-6 cm. 

 long, drooping when young, finally erect : flowers fragrant, 8-10 mm. broad : pedicels slen- 

 der, 2-3 mm. long, subtended by caducous bracts : sepals ovate or orbicular, 0.5 mm. long : 



