766 MALVACEAE 



2. Malva rotundifolia L. Annual or biennial, pubescent. Stems branched at the 

 base, the branches procumbent or decumbent, 1-5 dm. long : leaf-blades orbicular to reni- 

 form, 2-10 cm. broad, crenate-dentate, cordate, with 5-9 undulations or shallow lobes : 

 petioles much longer than the blades : flowers in axillary clusters : calyx puberulent or 

 finely pubescent ; lobes ovate or triangular-ovate, often longer than the tube, acute : petals 

 light blue to white, very delicate, 9-14 mm. long : fruit 6-8 mm. broad : carpels about 15, 

 finely pubescent, 1.5-2 mm. high. 



In waste places, throughout North America, except the extreme north. Naturalized from Europe 

 and Asia. Spring to fall. CHEESES. 



3. Malva sylv6stris L. Biennial, villous. Stems erect or ascending, 3-4 dm. tall, 

 branching : leaf -blades suborbicular or reniform, 4-12 cm. broad, crenate-dentate, truncate 

 or cordate at the base : petioles much longer than the blades : flowers in axillary clusters : 

 bractlets oblong to ovate : calyx less villous than the pedicel ; lobes triangular or nearly 

 so, shorter than the tube, acute : corolla over 2 cm. broad : petals light purple or red- 

 dish purple, 2-2.5 cm. long : fruit 7-10 mm. broad : carpels about 10, reticulated, flat on 

 the back, about 3 rnm. high. 



In waste places, in British America, the United States and Mexico. Naturalized from Europe and 

 Asia. Spring to fall. 



6. CALLiRRHOE Nutt. 



Perennial herbs, resembling species of Malva, with thick farinaceous roots. Leaves 

 alternate : blades lobed or cleft, or those of the stem palmately or pedately dissected, the 

 segments entire, toothed or cleft, commonly narrow. Flowers showy, pedicelled, axillary, 

 or sometimes in terminal racemes. Involucel of 1-3 distinct bractlets, or wanting. Sepals 

 5, united below. Petals white or pink to crimson-purple, often cuneately narrowed to the 

 base or fan-shaped, sometimes erose-fimbriate. Carpels 10-20, 1 -celled. Styles filiform, 

 stigmatic on the inner side. Ovules solitary. Mature carpels beaked, and with a slender 

 appendage below the beak, disposed around an axis forming a disk-like fruit. Seed ascend 

 ing in a cavity separated from that forming the beak. Embryo curved. POPPY MALLOW. 



Perennials or probably sometimes biennials. 



Peduncles several-flowered. 1. C. triangulata. 



Peduncles 1-flowered. 

 Involucels present. 



Bractlets of the involucels contiguous to the calyx. 



Leaf-blades with crenate or cleft-crenate lobes. 2. C. geranioides. 



Leaf-blades with remotely incised or pinnately-parted segments. 



Corolla lilac or pink : carpels 2.5-3 mm. high : leaf-blades mostly less 



than 5 mm. broad. 3. C. lineariloba. 



Corolla crimson-purple or cherry-red : carpel 3.5-4 mm. high : leaf- 

 blades mostly over 5 mm. broad. 4. C. involucrata. 

 Bractlets of the involucel separated from the calyx. 5. C. Papaver. 

 Involucels wanting. 



Lower petioles strigose. 6. C. alcaeoides. 



Lower petioles hirsute. 7. C. digitata. 



Annuals. 



Involucel present : carpels densely pubescent, each with a short beak. 8. C. scabriiLscula. 



Involucel wanting : carpels glabrous, each with a beak nearly as long as the body. 9. C. pedata. 



1. CalUrrhoe triangulata (Leavenw. ) A. Gray. Perennial, from a long thick 

 root, roughish pubescent. Stems 3-9 dm. tall, branched above : leaves mainly basal ; 

 petioles very pubescent ; blades triangular-ovate to triangular-hastate, 3-15 cm. long, 

 crenate or lobed or the upper ones 3-5-cleft or parted : peduncles shorter than the bracts or 

 longer : involucels of several spatulate bractlets : calyx 1.5-2 cm. broad ; lobes deltoid- 

 ovate, acute, ciliate, 1-nerved : petals deep purple, 2-2.5 cm. long, undulate at the top : 

 carpels 3.5-4 mm. long, pubescent, short-beaked. 



On prairies, Minnesota to Illinois, North Carolina and Texas. Spring and summer. 



2. Callirrhoe geranioides Small. Perennial, closely pubescent with very short hairs. 

 Stems mostly branched at the base, the branches ascending or spreading, 1-3 dm. long, 

 simple or nearly so : leaves few ; blades 2-2.5 cm. broad, pentagonal in outline, 5-lobed, 

 or 5-cleft, cordate, the lobes cuneate, coarsely toothed or cleft, mostly rounded or obtuse ; 

 petioles longer than the blades : peduncles surpassing the leaves, often 8-10 cm. long : 

 bractlets linear or linear-oblong, acute : calyx rather conspicuous, 10-12 mm. long, about 

 twice as long as the bractlets ; lobes lanceolate, somewhat acuminate : petals pinkish or 

 pink-purple, minutely eroded at the top, 2-2.5 cm. long. 



In sandy bottoms, southern Texas. Spring and summer. 



