880 ERICACEAE 



terminal (earliest) with usually 5 members in each perianth-whorl, the lateral with 3-4 

 members. Calyx regular or nearly so : sepals dissimilar from the bracts. Corolla colored : 

 petals distinct, as many as the sepals, saccate at the base. Stamens 6-10. Anthers hori- 

 zontal : sacs confluent, opening by 2 unequal valves, the smaller erect, the larger spreading 

 or reflexed. Disk 6-iO-toothed. Ovary 3-5-celled, confluent with the disk at the base. 

 Stigma funnelform or disk -like, sometimes retrorsely bearded. Capsule 3-5-celled, erect, 

 loculicidally 3-5-valved. Seeds numerous, minute. PINE-SAP. FALSE BEECH-DROPS. 



Stigma not retrorsely bearded : style sparingly pubescent : sepals and petals with short cilia. 



1. H. Americana. 

 Stigma retrorsely bearded : style copiously pubescent : sepals and petals with long cilia. 2. H. lanuginosa. 



1. Hypopitys Americana (DC.) Small. Plants tawny or deep pink, finely pubes- 

 cent. Stems 1-3 dm. tall : scales crowded at base of the stem, 4-12 mm. long, the upper 

 ones sometimes irregularly tgothed : flowers several : sepals spatulate to oblanceolate, 7-10 

 mm. long, often irregularly toothed, ciliate with very short hairs : petals mainly cuneate, 

 8-13 mm. long, sparingly pubescent and ciliate like the sepals : style sparingly pubescent : 

 stigma not retrorsely bearded : capsule oval or oblong-oval, 7-10 mm. long. [//. multiflora 

 (3 Americana DC.] 



In woods, Newfoundland to Ontario and New York and southward in the Alleghenies. 



2. Hypopitys lanuginosa (Michx.) Nutt. Plants yellowish and crimson, markedly 

 or copiously pubescent. Stems 0.5-3.5 dm. tall : scales 5-15 mm. long : flowers few : sepals 

 cuneate, oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic-spatulate, 6-9 mm. long, acute or acuminate, 

 ciliate with relatively long hairs : petals cuneate to almost oblong, 10-11 mm. long, mark- 

 edly pubescent without, ciliate like the sepals : style copiously pubescent : stigma retrorsely 

 bearded : capsule globular, 4-5 mm. long. 



In woods, Nova Scotia southward, especially in and near the mountains, to South Carolina, 

 Tennessee and Florida. 



3. MONOTROFSIS Schwein. 



Succulent herbs, with glabrous more or less colored foliage and scape-like stems. 

 Leaves reduced to scales. Flowers perfect, fragrant. Calyx persistent : sepals 5. Corolla 

 campanulate, gamopetalous : tube 5-saccate at the base : lobes 5, erect or spreading. 

 Stamens 10, included. Anthers awnless : sacs confluent, opening by large terminal pores. 

 Disk 10-toothed. Ovary 5-celled, slightly lobed. Stigma rather discoid, 5-angled. Cap- 

 sule 5-celled. Seeds minute, very numerous. [Schweinitzia Nutt. ] SWEET PINE-SAP. 



Sepals oblong : corolla pink or purple, slightly longer than the calyx. 1. M. odorata. 



Sepals ovate to lanceolate : corolla white, twice as long as the sepals. 2. M. Reynoldsiae. 



1. Monotropsis odorata Ell. Stems scape-like, usually clustered, 5-10 cm. tall, 

 purple or purplish brown : scales several, remote, ovate, 3-8 mm. long, acute, appressed, 

 membranous in age : flowers fragrant, 4-9, more or less nodding, becoming erect : spikes 

 continuous : calyx usually subtended by 2 bracts : sepals oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 

 acute or acutish : corolla pink, about 1 cm. long ; lobes ovate or oblong-ovate, obtuse. 



In moist woods in or near the mountains, Maryland to Kentucky, Georgia and Tennessee ; rare. 

 Early spring. CAROLINA BEECH-DROPS. 



2. Monotropsis Reynoldsiae (A. Gray) Heller. Stems scape-like, clustered, 9-12 

 cm. tall, purple : scales numerous, imbricated, ovate, 4-6 mm. long, obtuse or acutish, ap- 

 pressed or ascending, membranous in age : flowers usually 5-14, nodding or spreading : 

 racemes continuous : calyx short-pedicelled : sepals linear, acute : corolla white, 7-9 mm. 

 long, surpassing the sepals, persistent ; lobes ovate, acute. 



In sandy thickets, Florida ; local. Fall. 



FAMILY 4. ERICACEAE DC. HEATH FAMILY. 



Perennial herbs, or shrubs or trees, sometimes aromatic. Leaves alternate, 

 opposite or whorled, without stipules : blades commonly leathery and per- 

 sistent. Flowers perfect or typically so. Calyx of 4-7 distinct or partially united 

 sepals. Corolla regular or slightly 2-lipped, of 4-7 distinct or partially united 

 petals. Androecium of as many or twice as many hypogynous stamens as there 

 are petals or corolla-lobes. Filaments usually distinct. Anthers 2-celled : sacs 

 sometimes prolonged into terminal tubes, like the filaments often awned, open- 

 ing by terminal pores or chinks, or lengthwise. Gynoecium of 2-5 united car- 



