1080 KHINANTHACEAE 



4. Castilleja purpurea G. Don. Perennial, gray-tomentose or tomentulose. Stems 

 1-3 drn. tall, commonly tufted : stem-leaves with linear simple or once or twice 3-cleft or 

 laciniate blades : bracts similar to the leaves but with broader bases : calyx colored like 

 the bracts : corolla fully 2.5 cm. long, colored like the bracts, the upper lip longer than 

 the obscurely saccate portion : capsules 1.5-2 cm. long. 



On hillsides, Arkansas to Texas and Arizona. Spring. 



37. MELAMPYRUM L. 



Annual caulescent, often glandular-pubescent herbs. Leaves opposite : blades entire 

 or toothed or ciliate-toothed at the base. Flowers solitary in the axils, sometimes in ter- 

 minal racemes. Calyx of 4 partially united sepals : lobes unequal, the two upper longer 

 than the lower. Corolla white, yellow, violet or variegated, 2-lipped, the upper lip arched, 

 the lower lip 3-lobed, 2-plaited. Stamens 4, didynamous ascending under the upper lip of 

 the corolla : anthers alike ; sacs parallel, mucronulate at the base. Stigma minute. 

 Capsule flattened, oblique, loculicidally dehiscent. Seeds 1-4, smooth. 



Leaf-blades linear or linear-lanceolate : bracts with several ciliurn-like teeth near the base. 



1. M. lineare. 

 Leaf-blades mainly ovate : bracts entire. 2 M. latifolium. 



1. Melampyrum lineare Lam. Stems 1-3 dm. tall, branching above : leaves numer- 

 ous ; blades linear or linear-lanceolate, 1-4 cm. long, acutish : pedicels 1-4 mm. long, 

 densely glandular : calyx 3-6 cm. long ; lobes linear-lanceolate to linear-subulate, longer 

 than the tube : corolla whitish, mostly less than 10 mm. long : capsules 6-8 mm. long. 

 [M. Americanum Michx.] 



In woods and thickets, Nova Scotia to British Columbia, south to North Carolina, Kentucky and 

 Minnesota. Spring and summer. 



2. Melampyrum latifolium Muhl. Stems 2-4 dm. tall, nearly simple or branching 

 above. Leaves few ; blades mainly ovate, sometimes ovate-lanceolate or even spatulate 

 near the base of the stem, 2-7 cm. long, acute or acuminate, abruptly narrowed or subcor- 

 date at the ba^e : pedicels 2-5 mm. long : calyx 3-5 mm. long ; lobes subulate, becoming 

 as long as the tube or longer, with few silvery hairs : corolla whitish, mostly over 10 mm. 

 long : capsules 5-7 mm. long. 



On mountain slopes, Pennsylvania to North Carolina, Georgia and Tennessee. Spring and summer 



38. FEDICULARIS L. 



Annual biennial or perennial caulescent herbs. Leaves alternate or opposite or rarely 

 whorled : blades pinnatifid, pinnately lobed or pinnately parted. Flowers in terminal 

 spikes or racemes. Calyx of 5 mostly united sepals, often with a cleft on the lower side 

 and sometimes also on the upper : lobes shorter than the tube : corolla white or of various 

 colors, strongly 2-lipped : upper lip concave or conduplicate, laterally flattened : lower lip 

 erect or spreading. Stamens 4, didynamous, ascending under the upper lip of the corolla : 

 anthers and their sacs alike. Capsule flattened, oblique, or curved, beaked, loculicidally 

 dehiscent. Seeds numerous, reticulated, striate, pitted or ribbed. LOUSEWORT. 



Leaf-blades pinnately parted : capsule linear-lanceolate, thrice as long as the calyx. 1. P. Canadensis. 

 Leaf-blades shallowly pinnatifid or toothed : capsule ovoid, little longer than the calyx. 2. P. lanceolata. 



1. Pedicularis Canadensis L. Perennial, often sparingly hirsute. Stems tufted, 1-4 

 dm. tall, sometimes decumbent. Basal leaves clustered ; blades oblong to lanceolate, 5-12 

 cm. long, pinnately parted, slender-petioled, the segments toothed or incised ; stem-leaves 

 similar to the basal but smaller : calyx 5-7 mm. long, villous, parted on the lower side, 

 with 2 tooth-like lobes on the upper side : corolla ochroleucous, more or less tinged with 

 red or purple, about 1.5cm. long, the upper lip much surpassing the lower: capsules 

 linear-lanceolate, nearly 2 cm. long, the beak longer than the body. 



In open woods and thickets, Nova Scotia to Manitoba, Florida, Texas and Mexico. Spring and 

 summer. 



2. Pedicularis lanceolata Michx. Perennial, sparingly pubescent below the in- 

 florescence, or glabrous. Stems 3-12 dm. tall, sometimes branching : stem-leaves alternate 

 or opposite ; blades oblong to lanceolate, 5-12 cm. long, shallowly pinnatifid or toothed, 

 the segments or teeth crenulate or dentate ; basal leaves nearly similar to those of the stem 

 but larger : calyx fully 10 mm. long, 2-lobed, each lobe truncate and surmounted by an 

 oval or suborbicular appendage : corolla straw-colored, about 2 cm. long, the upper lip 

 little surpassing the lower : capsules ovoid, about 1 cm. long, minutely beaked. 



In swamps and meadows, Ontario to Manitoba, Connecticut, North Carolina, Ohio and Nebraska. 

 Summer and fall. 



