1088 ACANTHACEAE 



Corolla 2-2.5 cm. long. 1. D. crassifolia. 



Corolla 1 cm. long or shorter. 



Flowers scattered along one side of the upper part of the peduncles. 



Leaves remote, reflexed : corolla-tube 5-6 mm. long. 2. D. angusta. 



Leaves approximate, spreading or ascending : corolla-tube 8-10 mm. long. 3. D. lanceolat 



Flowers in head-like spikes terminating the peduncle, or approximate at the end. 



Spikes loosely flowered : corolla-tube glabrous within : style glabrous. 4. D. ovata. 



Spikes densely flowered : corolla-tube villous within : style pubescent at the base. 5. D, Americana. 



1. Dianthera crassifolia Chapm. Foliage glabrous. Stems 2-4 dm. tall, angled, 

 simple or nearly so : leaves few ; blades linear, usually narrowly so or spatulate near the 

 base of the stem, 3-15 cm. long, fleshy : peduncles commonly longer than the subtending 

 leaves, often surpassing the stem : calyx-lobes linear, 1-1.5 cm. long, acuminate: corolla 

 bright-purple, 2-2.5 cm. long ; lips longer than the tube, the lower one striped, all rounded 

 or notched : capsules 2-2.5 cm. long, the body and base about equal in length. 



In wet pine lands, Florida. Spring. 



2. Dianthera angusta (Chapm.) Small. Foliage glabrate. Stems 2-5 dm. tall, 

 simple or nearly so : leaves very few ; blades linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, acute or 

 acuminate, 2-7 cm. long, or oblong-spatulate at the base of the stem, sessile or subsessile, 

 more or less strongly reflexed : peduncles somewhat longer than the leaves or shorter, bear- 

 ing 2-few flowers near the end : calyx-lobes linear, 5-7 mm. long, ciliate, acute : corolla 

 about 10 mm. long ; tube surpassing the calyx, the lower lip with a retuse middle lobe and 

 obtuse lateral lobes : capsules about 1. 2 cm. long. [Z>. ovata var. angusta Chapm. ] 



In pine-land ponds, Florida. Spring. 



3. Dianthera lanceolata (Chapm.) Small. Foliage puberulent. Stems erect or 

 spreading, 1-3 dm. long, more or less branched : leaf-blades linear to linear-elliptic or 

 elliptic-lanceolate, 3-10 cm. long, more or less acuminate, undulate, sessile or nearly so : 

 spikes slender, 3-10 cm. long, interrupted along the peduncle : calyx-lobes narrowly linear, 

 5-7 mm. long : corolla about 1 cm. long ; lips nearly as long as the tube, which is saccate 

 near the base, the upper lip truncate or retuse, the lower one 3-lobed, the middle lobe 

 truncate or retuse, the lateral ones obtuse : capsules 1.5 cm. long, the body as long as the 

 stipe-like base or shorter. [ J>. ovata var. lanceolata Chapm. ] 



In swampy ground, Missouri to Tennessee, Florida and Texas. Spring and summer. 



4. Dianthera ovata Walt. Foliage puberulent or glabrous. Stems 1-3 dm. tall, 

 simple or sparingly branched : leaf-blades oblong to elliptic, acute or acutish, often 

 acuminate at the base, short-petioled : spike long-peduncled, 1-2 cm. long, contin- 

 uous : calyx-lobes narrowly linear-acuminate, 6-12 mm. long : corolla pale purple to 

 violet, about 1 cm. long; limb as long as the tube, or sometimes longer, 2-lipped, the 

 upper lip notched, the lower lip 3-lobed, spreading ; lobes rounded : capsules 1 cm. long, 

 the stipe-like base as long as the body or shorter. 



In swamps, Virginia to Florida and Texas. Spring and summer. 



5. Dianthera Americana L. Perennial by horizontal or creeping rootstocks, the foli- 

 age glabrous or puberulent. Stems 3-10 dm. tall, simple or branching, angled : leaf-blades 

 linear to linear-lanceolate or narrowly oblong, 5-15 cm. long, acute, attenuate to the sub- 

 sessile base : peduncles ascending, about as long as the leaves or longer : spikes 1-3 cm. 

 long, continuous : calyx-lobes linear, 4-5 mm. long, acute : corolla white, pink or pur- 

 plish ; lips as long as the tube or longer, the upper one notched, the lower lip with 3 

 obtuse lobes : capsules 1.5-2 cm. long, the stipe-like base as long as the body or longer. 



In marshes and running water, Ontario to Michigan, south to Georgia and Texas. Spring and 

 summer. 



13. CROFTIA Small. 



Perennial caulescent shrubby herbs, with gray-pubescent foliage. Leaves opposite : 

 blades relatively broad, entire or nearly so. Flowers axillary or disposed in terminal 

 spikes axillary to leaf -like bracts or the bracts toward the ends of the spikes much reduced. 

 Sepals 5, slender. Corolla 2-lipped, the upper lip entire, the lower 3-lobed, drooping. 

 Stamens 2 : filaments adnate to the top of the corolla-tube. Ovary 2-celled : styles united : 

 stigma 2-lobed. Capsule with a stipe-like base. 



1. Croftia par vif olia ( Torr. ) Small. Perennial by a stout root, finely pilose. Stems 

 erect or diffuse, often numerous and tufted, 1-3 dm. long, simple or branching : leaf- 

 blades ovate, oval or suborbicular, 1-3 cm. long, acute or short acuminate, undulate to re- 

 pand, more or less abruptly contracted in short petioles : spikes interrupted : calyx-lobes 

 linear-subulate, acuminate, 2.5-3 mm. long : corolla white to purple, about 8 mm. long ; 

 lips about as long as the tube, the upper lip obtuse or retuse, the lobes of the lower one 



