1092 OROBANCHACEAE 



ing the bracts : calyx becoming 2-3 mm. long : corolla yellow, 4-6 mm. broad, the lower 

 lip much larger than the upper one, equally 3-lobed ; spur oblong, appressed, nearly as 

 long as the lower lip. 



In wet places, chiefly in pine lands, Massachusetts to Florida and Texas. Also in tropical America. 

 Spring to fall. 



13. Utricularia simplex C. Wright. Stems, leaves and bladders minute and delicate. 

 Scapes rooting in mud, erect, 8-20 cm. tall, strict, slender : racemes spike-like, 2-6-flow- 

 ered : calyx becoming 2-2.5 mm. long : corolla shorter than the calyx ; lips nearly equal : 

 spur obtuse. 



In pine lands, eastern Florida. Also in Cuba. 



14. Utricularia jiincea Vahl. Stems, leaves and bladders minute and delicate. 

 Scapes rooting in mud, erect, 1-4 dm. tall : racemes spike-like, 3-12-flowered : calyx be- 

 coming 3-3.5 mm. long : corolla yellow, less than 1 cm. broad ; lower lip larger than the 

 upper, laterally flattened, rather pointed ; spur horn-like, acute, slightly curved, pendant, 

 about 6 mm. long. 



In bogs and meadows, New Jersey to Florida and Texas. Also in the West Indies and tropical 

 America. Summer. 



15. Utricularia cornuta Michx. Stems, leaves and bladders minute and delicate. 

 Scapes rooting in mud, erect, 1-4 dm. tall : racemes spike-like, 2-8-flowered, the flowers 

 approximate: calyx becoming 4-5 cm. long: corolla yellow, 1.6-2 cm. broad: lower lip 

 much larger than the upper, laterally flattened, abruptly pointed ; spur horn-like, acute, 

 slightly curved, pendant, about 12 mm. long. 



In sandy or sphagnous swamps, Newfoundland to Minnesota, Florida and Texas. Spring and 

 summer. 



FAMILY 16. OROBANCHACEAE Lindl. BROOM-RAPE FAMILY. 



Commonly perennial herbs, with astringent bitter and caustic properties, 

 destitute of green foliage and parasitic on the roots of other plants. Stems some- 

 times almost wanting. Leaves scale-like. Flowers perfect, or rarely dioecious 

 sometimes cleistogamous and complete on the same plant. Calyx of four or five 

 more or less united sepals, persistent : tube campanulate or tubular, often 

 oblique, rarely spathe-like. Corolla persistent or withering : limb more or less 

 bilabiate and irregular. Androecium of 4 didynamous stamens, adnate to the 

 corolla, mostly included. Filaments terete. Anthers 2-celled or rarely 1-celled, 

 leathery. Gynoecium free, 2-carpellary with 2 parietal placentae, which are 

 often 2-lobed or divided. Styles united, terminal. Stigma capitate or 2-lobed. 

 Ovules mostly numerous, anatropous. Fruit a capsule, enclosed in the persis- 

 tent corolla, with 1 or apparently 2 cavities. Seeds very numerous, minute, with 

 a thickish shining furrowed or tuberculate testa. Endosperm white, transparent. 

 Embryo at the extremity of the endosperm. 



Flowers perfect and complete throughout. 



Calyx irregular, spathe-like, the lower side split, the upper with 3 or 4 tooth-like lobes. 



1. CONOPHOLIS. 



Calyx regular or nearly so, with 2-5 equal or unequal lobes. 



Calyx with a deep sinus above and below, the lateral lobes often 2-cleft. 2. OROBANCHE. 



Calyx nearly equally 5-lobed. 



Flowers subtended by bractlets. 3. MYZORRHIZA, 



Flowers without bractlets. 4. THALESIA. 



Flowers various, cleistogamous on lower part of spike, complete but mostly sterile above. 5. LEPTAMNIUM. 



1. CONOPHOLIS Wallr. 



Parasitic herbs, with pale yellow or brownish glabrous foliage. Stems simple, very 

 stout. Leaves scale-like, erect or appressed, often imbricated at the base of the stem. 

 Flowers perfect, in dense terminal scaly-bracted spikes. Calyx accompanied by 2 bract- 

 lets, spathe-like, split on the lower side, 3-4-toothed on the upper. Corolla colored like 

 the rest of the plant : tube curved : limb strongly 2-lipped ; upper lip arching, notched ; 

 lower lip shorter, 3-lobed. Stamens 4, somewhat exserted : filaments in slightly unequal 

 pairs, sometimes accompanied by a fifth one. Ovary 1-celled, with 4 placentae : stigma 

 slightly 2-lobed. Ovules numerous. Capsule 2-valved. SQUAW-ROOT. 



1. Conopholis Americana (L. f. ) Wallr. Perennial, fleshy. Stems clustered, stout, 

 1-2 dm. tall, simple, clothed with ovate or lanceolate acute scales (reduced leaves): spike* 

 as long as the sterile part of the stem or the flowers sometimes extending to the base : calyx 



