1178 CAKDUACEAE 



2. Coleosanthus cylindraceus (Gray & Engelm. ) Kuntze. Minutely pubescent or 

 somewhat scabrous. Stems rather rigid, 5-12 dm. tall, often branching above : leaves 

 numerous, mainly opposite ; blades lanceolate to ovate, firm, 2-5 cm. long, acute, or obtuse 

 at both ends, serrate or serrate-crenate, 3-nerved, usually rugose : involucres 10-11 mm. 

 high, 10-flowered ; bracts oblong to ovate without, linear within, mucronate or acute, 

 ribbed : achenes 4 mm. long, pubescent : pappus-bristles nearly smooth. 



In thickets, Texas. Summer and fall. 



3. Coleosanthus cordifolius (Ell.) Kuntze. Puberulent or minutely tomentulose. 

 Stems 6-12 dm. tall, corymbosely branched : leaves opposite ; blades ovate to deltoid-ovate, 

 or nearly lanceolate above, 5-10 cm. long, acute or sometimes acuminate, crenate or nearly 

 entire, truncate or cordate at the base, or the upper ones rounded : heads few : involucres 

 about 10 mm. high ; bracts linear, finely ribbed, rather firm, obtuse: achenes 5-5. 5 mm. 

 long : pappus-bristles rufous or tawny. 



In rich soil, Georgia, Alabama and Florida. Summer and fall. 



19. KUHNIA L. 



Perennial caulescent herbs, with puberulent or pubescent foliage. Leaves alternate : 

 blades narrow, resinous-dotted. Heads discoid, in open or crowded clusters. Involucres 

 narrow, few-flowered : bracts narrow, in few series, striate, the inner successively longer. 

 Receptacle naked. Corollas white or purplish. Anthers obtuse and entire at the base. 

 Stigmas slender, rather obtuse. Achenes 10-striate, columnar. Pappus of one series of 

 very plumose hair-like bristles. FALSE BONESET. 



Leaf-blades narrowly linear, entire, at least those of the upper leaves. 1. K. paniculata. 

 Leaf-blades lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, usually toothed. 



Involucres 5-7 mm. high. 2. K. eupatorioides. 



Involucres 8-10 mm. high. 3. K. glutinosa. 



1. Kuhnia paniculata Cass. Finely pubescent or puberulent. Stems 3-8 dm. tall, 

 wand-like and simple to the inflorescence, or sometimes widely branched : leaf-blades 

 spreading or drooping, narrowly linear, 1.5-3 cm. long, entire, at least above, sessile : in- 

 volucres 7-8 mm. high ; bracts linear-lanceolate to linear, prominently ribbed at maturity : 

 achenes 3.5-4 mm. long : pappus brownish or nearly white. 



In pine lands, Florida to Alabama. Summer and fall. 



2. Kuhnia eupatorioides L. Puberulent. Stems 5-10 dm. tall, branching above : 

 leaf -blades oblong-lanceolate to linear, 2-10 cm. long, acute or acuminate, sparingly serrate 

 or sinuate, short-petioled or nearly sessile by the narrow bases : involucres 5-7 mm. high ; 

 bracts subulate without, lanceolate to linear within, acute or cuspidate, ribbed : achenes 

 4-5 mm. high, minutely pubescent : pappus whitish or tawny. 



On hillsides, New Jersey to Ohio, Florida and Texas. Summer and fall. 



3. Kuhnia glutinosa Ell. Rather densely and rough-pubescent. Stems 5-12 dm. 

 tall, branching above : leaf-blades lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, or ovate-lanceolate below, 

 1-4 cm. long, acute or acuminate, shallowly serrate, sessile by the broad bases or partly 

 clasping : involucres 8-10 mm. high ; bracts subulate without, lanceolate to linear within 

 and cuspidate-acuminate : achenes 5 mm. long : pappus tawny or brownish. 



In dry soil, South Dakota to Illinois, Alabama and Texas. Summer and fall. 



20. GYMNOSFERMA Less. 



Perennial shrubby plants, with glabrous, but sometimes partially glutinous foliage. 

 Leaves alternate : blades narrow, entire, punctate. Heads numerous, radiate^in corymbose 

 cymes. Involucres ovoid to oblong, several-flowered : bracts few, concave, obtuse. Ray- 

 flowers few, pistillate, fruit producing, with very small ligules. Disk-flowers perfect, some- 

 times fruit producing : corollas yellow. Receptacle small. Anthers obtuse at the base. 

 Stigmas of the perfect flowers flattened. Achenes oblong or nearly so, slightly flattened, 

 4-5-ribbed. Pappus wanting or obsolete. 



1. Gymnosperma corymbosa DC. Woody at the base, puberulent. Stems 3-10 

 dm. tall, branching : leaf-blades linear or nearly so, 1-6 cm. long, acute, entire, sessile, the 

 lower ones 3-nerved : involucres 3-4 mm. high, oblong ; bract? chafly, slightly broadened 

 upward, obtuse and scarious at the apex : achenes slightly flattened, about 1 mm. high : 

 pappus wanting. 



In rocky soil, Texas and adjacent Mexico. Fall. 



