226 FLOWER GARDENING 



used together for double-cropping shaded ground, 

 tulips thrive among ferns and so on. Avoid all 

 double forms and bizarre color notes in naturalistic 

 planting. Red is not a spring color in the North ; 

 so beware of red tulips. The best tulips are the yel- 

 low species and the cottage white and yellow selfs; 

 the best daffodils the yellow trumpet and the poet's 

 narcissus. 



Bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadnsis) t which nat- 

 uralizes well in rocky places, is excellent for early 

 spring; so are Dutchman's breeches (Dielytra cu- 

 cullaria) and Squirrel corn (D. canadensis). Then 

 there are the foam flower (Tiarella cordifolia) , 

 heart-leaved saxifrage (Saxifraga cordifolia), Lon- 

 don pride (S. umbrosa), blue bugle (Ajuga genev- 

 ensis) white bugle (A. reptans alba), liverwort 

 (Hepatka triloba), white stonecrop (Sedum al- 

 bum) and, later, the perennial forget-me-not (My- 

 os otis semperflorens) for similarly carpeting the 

 ground. The first three lose their foliage after 

 blooming; so may be double-cropped with ferns 

 and other plants. 



For higher growth a foot or so in partial 

 shade the wild sweet-william (P. divaricata), sweet 

 woodruff (Asperula odorata), Greek valerian 

 { (Polemonium reptans), common American colum- 

 bine (Aquilegia canadense) and Pennsylvanian ane- 

 'mone (A. pennsylvanica) are admirable when 

 spring is getting ready to merge into summer; 

 closed gentian (Gentiana Andrewsii) in September 

 and the evergreen Christmas rose (Helleborus 



