CALLA. 



THE ENGLISH FLOWER GARDEN. CALLISTEPHUS. 373 



fine object against a warm south wall, 

 but at the approach of winter it should 

 either be lifted or protected. Peru. 



C. PLANTAGINEA. A low-growing plant 

 spreading by means of short side growths ; 

 the leaves, formed in rosettes, are broadly 

 ovate, with toothed margins and attain 

 a considerable size in moist positions. 

 The flowers, produced on slender stems, 

 9 inches to a foot high, are of a fine bright 

 yellow. 



C. POLYRRHIZA increases rapidly by 

 means of wide-spreading rhizomes, and 

 quickly finds its way into conditions which 

 suit it. At Glasnevin, where it was origin- 

 ally planted in a small bog, it spread up 

 a bank on one side and established itself 

 among the roots of ferns growing there ; 

 it appears to like rather drier conditions 

 than C. plantaginea. The leaves are long 

 and narrowed into a petiole, and are softly 

 hairy on both surfaces. The flowers, 

 produced singly on slender stems, have a 

 rounded " pouch " yellow with numerous 

 reddish-brown spots underneath. 



C. VIOLACEA. A distinct kind, with 

 small helmet-shaped flowers, rich purple 

 and spotted ; succeeds well on warm 

 borders or the rock garden, and, if slightly 

 protected, withstands mild winters in the 

 south. Chili. 



CALENDULA OFFICINALIS (Pot Marigold). 

 A hardy biennial ; one of the best for 

 autumn and winter flowering. The petals 

 were formerly used to flavour dishes in old 

 English cookery. For late blooming, seed 

 should be sown in July. The plants sow 

 themselves freely, and may be sown in the 

 open ground either in spring or autumn. 

 There are now pretty varieties. 



CALLA (Bog Arum). C. palustris 

 is a small, hardy, trailing Arum, with 

 white spathes. Flowering in summer, 

 and increasing rapidly by its running 

 stems. For moist spongy spots near 

 the rock garden, or by the side of a 

 rill, it is one of the best plants, but its 

 beauty is best seen when it is allowed 

 to ramble over rich, muddy soil. N. 

 Europe. 



Callichroa. See LA VIA. 

 Calliopsis. See COREOPSIS. 

 Calliprora. See BRODI^A. 



CALLIRHOE (Poppy Mallow}. 

 Handsome N. American plants of the 

 Mallow order, of which some half-dozen 

 kinds are known in our gardens. They 

 are hardy, herbaceous perennials, and 

 succeed well in the open border in rich, 

 light soil. 



C. ALC^OIDES is an erect herbaceous 

 perennial, with the habit of a Malva, the 

 flowers from i inch to li inches in dia- 

 meter. 



C. DIGITATA. A distinct glaucous peren- 

 nial herb, 2 or 3 feet high, with reddish- 

 purple flowers in summer ; it is not so 

 showy as the other kinds. 



C. INVOLUCRATA. A dwarf perennial, 

 with large violet-crimson flowers 2 inches 

 in diameter. It is excellent for the rock 

 garden, bearing a continuous crop of showy 

 blossoms from early summer till late in 

 autumn. California. 



C. PAPAVER has a trailing habit, and 

 flowers incessantly from early summer 

 until late autumn. The flowers are a 

 bright purple-red, as large and somewhat 

 resembling those of our common field 

 Poppy. 



C. PEDATA. A perennial, with trailing 

 stems bearing handsome crimson flowers, 

 2 inches in diameter ; sown early the 

 plants bloom the first season, and flower 

 until late in autumn, and in dry soils the 

 roots survive our average winters. 



CALLISTEMON SALIGNUS. There 

 are two forms of this Bottle-brush 

 shrub, one bearing pale yellow flowers 

 and the other crimson. Others are 

 C. lanceolatus, carmine, and C. specio- 

 sus. These grow well as bushes, some 

 of the first sometimes 10 feet, and as 

 much in diameter. These plants thrive 

 in Devon and Cornwall, and in the 

 milder seashore districts. Australia. 



CALLISTEPHUS (China Aster}. - 

 Among the many annuals now in 

 cultivation, China Asters ( C. chinensis} 

 are among the best, and when well 

 grown and cared for they do as much 

 to adorn a garden during summer and 

 autumn as any annual plant. To see 

 them in their beauty, however, they 

 must be grown in masses, and not a"t 

 any stage left to haphazard or poor 

 culture. It will also be found that 

 they are more satisfactory on good 

 open soils than on heavy ones. 



VARIETIES. China Asters may be 

 classed according to height, habit, char- 

 acter of flower. Tall Asters comprise 

 the fine Paeony-flowered, the tall 

 Chrysanthemum, the Emperor, the tall 

 Victoria, the Quilled, and a few others. 

 Kinds of medium height are the dwarfer 

 forms of the Victoria, the fine Cocar- 

 deau, the Rose, and the Porcupine. 

 The dwarf forms comprise the short 

 Chrysanthemum, the dwarf pyramidal, 

 and specially the dwarf bouquet, which 

 is one of the most beautiful for pot 

 culture. The best bedding kinds are 

 the medium-growing Victoria, the 

 Rose, and the dwarf Chrysanthemum, 

 as these vary from 9 to 12 inches in 

 height, a*nd form good bunches of 



