THUYA. 



THE ENGLISH FLOWER GARDEN. TIARELLA. 747 



dwarf climber of the easiest culture, 

 and in summer valuable for draping 

 dwarf trellises. The flowers vary in 

 colour : alba is pure white with a 

 dark eye ; aurantiaca, bright orange ; 

 Fryeri, orange with a white eye ; 

 Doddsi has variegated foliage ; and 

 there are others with yellow and sul- 

 phur flowers. The plants grow 4 to 

 5 feet high, and from July till October 

 their slender stems are covered with 

 bloom. Seeds should be sown in heat 

 in early spring, and the seedlings 

 potted separately when large enough. 

 Raised in heat in May, plant them out 

 in good light soil, but only fitted for 

 warm gardens in the south. 



THUYA (Arbor-vita). Evergreen 

 cone-bearing trees, some of much 

 beauty, but the group is represented 

 in gardens by numbers of worthless 

 shrubs and mean trees ; happily, the 

 species are not so numerous as they 

 seem from the many names that have 

 been given to their mostly ugly 

 varieties. 



T. DOLOBRATA (Japanese Arbor- vitae) . 

 A distinct and beautiful evergreen tree, 

 perhaps the most graceful of the group, 

 fine in colour and very hardy. Fortun- 

 ately it seems less ready than most 

 to sport into the worthless dwarf and 

 variegated forms. It is said to attain 

 its finest stature in mountain woods in 

 Japan, and to grow well under other 

 trees, and it should be worth trying in 

 like circumstances in our country. It 

 comes very freely from layers, in fact, 

 the lower branches of the trees root 

 themselves freely, and these over-facile 

 ways of increase make it all the more 

 necessary that we should get healthy 

 seedling trees, as suckers take bushy 

 rather than tree form. Syn., Thuyopsis. 



T. GIGANTEA (Giant Arbor-vitae). A tall 

 and noble tree, fine in stature and form, 

 hardy and healthy in our country, thriving 

 in ordinary soils, and a free and rapid 

 grower, attaining in its own country a 

 maximum height of 150 feet, and its wood 

 is fine-grained and very useful. N.W. 

 America ; finest on the Columbia River. 

 Syns., T. Lobbi, T. Craigiana, T. menziesii. 



T. JAPONICA (Standish's Arbor- vitas) . 

 A graceful evergreen tree of medium size, 

 attaining a height of over 50 feet, with 

 branches of a slender pendulous charac- 

 ter of a fresh green colour. A native of 

 the mountains of C. Japan, it was intro- 

 duced by Fortune, and sent out by the 

 late John Standish of Ascot, but has 

 not yet been much grown. The form 

 usually seen is said not to be the true 

 wild tree a reason for getting seed from 

 Japanese sources. Happily this has not 

 yet, l|ke so many others, sported jntp 



a mass of varieties. Syn., Thuyopsis 

 Standishi. 



T. OCCIDENTALS (Western Arbor-vitas). 

 A poor hardy evergreen tree which 

 has varied much in colour and foliage and 

 form. Ponderous Latin names have been 

 applied to worthless varieties, of which 

 over twenty are given in some catalogues. 

 It is used to get shelter fences and hedges 

 rapidly, though by no means so good for 

 that purpose as our own native shrubs 

 like the Yew, Box and Holly, and it would 

 be no great loss to omit it from the garden 

 altogether ; all the more so, perhaps, as 

 it is one of the cheap evergreens used in 

 the muddle mixture of the common 

 shrubbery. 



T. ORIENTALIS (Chinese Arbor-vitae). 

 A tree with little of the beauty of the 

 Pine or Cypress, and which has, unfor- 

 tunately, given rise to a crowd of varieties, 

 variegated, silvery, golden, and other 

 dense, monstrous,- and pendulous shapes, 

 mystified by Latin names. Not only 

 are they poor in themselves, but they 

 keep the mind away from the central 

 fact of the beauty, dignity, and great 

 value of the Pine race. These varieties 

 have again synonyms, and some of them 

 get into cultivation under the wrong name 

 of Retinospora. 



THYMELffiA NIVALIS. A little 

 evergreen shrub, native of the Pyrenees, 

 and closely allied to the Daphnes. 



THYMUS ( Thyme) . Creeping plants 

 suited for arid parts of the rock garden, 

 spreading quickly into dense cushions, 

 and not to be placed near minute 

 alpine plants. Nothing can be more 

 charming than a sunny bank covered 

 with the common wild Thyme (T. 

 serpyllum) and its white variety. T. 

 lanuginosus is a woolly form of our 

 wild Thyme, forming wide cushions in 

 any soil. The Golden Thyme is 

 9 inches high, dense and compact, 

 and used for edging. Other varieties 

 of the Common Thyme are grandiflorus, 

 with larger flowers of the same colour, 

 splendens and coccineus, in which they 

 are bright crimson, and excellent for 

 bright patches of colour ; micans, with 

 rosy-purple flowers ; and rotundi- 

 folius, very dwarf and profuse in 

 flower. The minute creeping and 

 Peppermint-scented T. corsicus, with 

 flowers so small as to be almost invis- 

 ible, should be planted in every rock 

 garden. Other kinds in cultivation 

 are T. azoricus, T. azureus, T. brac- 

 teosus, T. Zygis, T. thuriferus, and 

 T. Chamczdrys. 



TIARELLA (Foam Flower). A 

 small group of slender perennial herbs, 

 flourishing in almost any soil or 



