THE ENGLISH FLOWER GARDEN. 



TULIPA. 



755 



TSUGA (Hemlock Spruce). A dis- 

 tinct and graceful group of evergreen 

 cone-bearing trees, remarkable for 

 their fine form of leaf and graceful toss 

 of branchlet, and also, in their own 

 country at least, for picturesque and 

 stately form. The one best known in 

 Britain is the Canadian Hemlock 

 Spruce, a tree of proved hardiness in 

 our country, but rarely showing the dig- 

 nity of form it does in its own, probably 

 from the use of cutting plants. No 

 tree of the Pine race should be planted 

 except as healthy seedlings. The 

 splendid forms of these trees, so pro- 

 mising for our country, coming as they 

 do from moist, cool regions, will be 

 best secured in that way. 



The Japanese and Indian species of 

 this family, T. Sieboldi, Brunoniana, 

 and diversifolia are not proved to be 

 of such distinct value as the American 

 kinds. Syn. Abies. 



T. CANADENSIS (Hemlock Spruce). A 

 forest tree sometimes over 100 feet high, 

 with a diameter of 4 feet in the trunk,' 

 inhabiting very cold northern regions 

 from Nova Scotia to Minnesota and south- 

 wards along the mountains. It has been 

 much planted in England, but it has not 

 so far seemed to attain the stature and 

 form that it shows in Canada. Its rather 

 numerous varieties are of slight value. In 

 my own planting of the Hemlock Spruce 

 near water, while the growth is free, con- 

 stant, and unharmed by any winter, I am 

 vexed to see every tree breaking from the 

 bottom into half a dozen or more stems, 

 splitting up the energies of the tree. I 

 have seen a very pretty hedge of the Hem- 

 lock Spruce near Philadelphia. It would 

 prove, I think, a good evergreen hedge 

 plant where the dangerous poison of our 

 own Yew makes its use impossible in any 

 place to which horses or cattle have access. 



T. CAROLINIANA (Caroline H.S.). A 

 forest tree attaining a height of 70 to 80 feet, 

 4 feet in diameter, graceful and beautiful 

 in a mature state. As yet it is little 

 planted in our country, and in my planting 

 proved a tender tree. Alleghany Moun- 

 tains. Syn., Abies Caroliniana. 



T. MERTENSIANA (Western H.S.). A 

 noble tree of fine and picturesque habit, 

 allied to the Eastern Hemlock but larger 

 sometimes 200 feet high, with a trunk dia- 

 meter of 10 to 12 feet. Coming from such 

 fog-moistened regions as Puget Sound, 

 British Columbia, and the coast region of 

 N. California, we look for a tree hardy 

 enough for our island climate, and in this 

 noble Hemlock we have it. The f oliage, as 

 graceful as a Fern, is of a deep, lustrous 

 green, and silvery white beneath. Though 

 hardy in this country, it is best in shel- 

 tered places in deep moist soil. Syns., 

 Abies mertensiana and Albertiana. 



T. PATTONIANA (Alpine H. S.) . Abeauti- 

 ful and stately tree 100 to 150 feet high, 

 and from 6 to 10 feet in diameter of trunk, 

 with dark green foliage on slender branches 

 that sway in the slightest wind. Alpine 

 and sub-alpine forests in the Sierras of 

 N. California, the Cascades and northern 

 Rocky Mountains, often at great eleva- 

 tions. Hardy and at home in Britain. 



r. Tropa-olnin spcciosutn in Scotland. 



T. TSUGA (Japanese H.S.). This tree 

 known also as T. Sieboldi, is as graceful in 

 growth as the Canadian Hemlock Spruce 

 and fully as hardy. It takes more of the 

 character of a large and dense spreading 

 bush than of a tree, and is useful for 

 grouping with other conifers. 



TULIPA (Tulip). Among the most 

 beautiful of hardy bulbous flowers, the 

 finest self Tulips being unsurpassed for 

 brilliant colour. We need to plant the 

 best kinds in quantity, for exquisite as 

 the striped or flaked Tulip may be, it 

 is the self-colours that give the best 

 effect. Tulips have been so long 

 grown and are so variable in character 



