502 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



flabelliforme zone, that, while the index fossil is present in both 

 America and North Europe, it is associated in Europe with a species 

 of Clonograptus (C. tenellus), while in the northwestern embayment 

 of the Cambric Atlantic sea, Clonograptus proximatus Matthew 

 (or Staurograptus dichotomus Emmons) appears as a vicarious 

 form in the homotaxial St John and New York beds. Elles [1 898, 463ff] 

 concluded in regard to the Skiddaw slate fauna, that, " though it is 

 more closely related to the fauna of the Quebec group of Canada than 

 to that of any English beds, it is still more nearly related to the Swedish 

 fauna; for, while of the whole 59 species, 25 are common to the Skiddaw 

 slates and the Quebec, and only 14 common to the Skiddaw slates and the two 

 other English areas, no less than 34 species are common to the beds of Sweden 

 and the Skiddaw slates." While, with further elaboration, undoubtedly 

 still more forms will be found to be common to these regions, as indeed the 

 writer's investigation of the New York graptolites distinctly shows, new forms 

 are being discovered which are not known to the other territories, and thus 

 the differences in the composition of the equivalent faunas will be maintained. 

 These differences are probably of a provincial or regional nature, as the closer 

 approximation of the regionally adjoining Swedish and Skiddaw faunas 

 indicates. 



A still wider difference appears to exist between the Lower Siluric 

 graptolite faunas of Bohemia and northern Europe, which have but very 

 few species in common. This coincides with the great difference of the 

 littoral faunas of the Bohemian and Scandinavian Lower Siluric seas, belonging 

 respectively to the Bohemian and Baltic basins. On the other hand, the 

 graptolite fauna of Cabrieres in southern France, which also belongs to the 

 Bohemian-Mediterranean basin, contains a greater number of the more 

 important forms of the Scandinavian or Skiddaw faunas. [^See appended chart 

 on the distribution of the Lower Siluric graptolite faunas] 



Some facts concerning the distribution of the Lower Siluric graptolites 

 are entirely at variance with the distribution of the land and water masses, 



