68 



Guide to the Invertehrata. 



GALLERY distinction between the thorax and the abdomen ; there is one pair 



VUI . . . 



East Side. ^^ antennse, and the number of legs is more than eight pairs. 



Wall-case This division is represented by the Centipedes and Millipedes ; and 



12, Table- the earliest examples known fossil occur in the Coal-measures (Figs. 



114, 115). Some North American species were of large size, and 



the body was armed with a row of branched spines. Specimens of 



them, named Euphoheria armata, from Tipton, Staffordshire, and 



others of E. Brownii, from Glasgow, are exhibited in Table-case 84. 



3. — In the Aeachnida are included Spiders, Scorpions, Mites, 



etc. The body is composed of a variable number of segments, some 



of which carry jointed appendages. The Arachnida breathe by 



pulmonary vesicles or sacs, or by ramifying tubes fitted for 



Fig. 116. — JEophrynus Prestvicii, H. Woodw., sp. (a) the upper and {h) the 

 under side of the same specimen ; preserved in a nodule of clay ironstone, 

 from the Coal-measures, Shropshire. (Nat. size.) 



breathing air directly. There are only four pairs of ambulatory 

 legs, and none attached to the abdomen ; they have no antennae. 



Of the spiders (Araneidge), three are known from the Coal- 

 measures, namely, the Protolycosa anthracophila, Roraer, from 

 Silesia, the Arthrolycosa antiqua, Harger, from Illinois, and an 

 Aranea from the Coal of Bohemia. Spiders occur in the Tertiary 

 rocks in great abundance, and examples may be seen from the 

 Isle of Wight, from Baltic Amber, from the Miocene of OEningen, 

 from Bonn, etc. One of the most interesting forms from the 

 Coal-measures, belonging to the family Eophrynoidea, is the 

 Eophrynus Prestvicii, Buckl., sp., which is preserved in a clay- 

 ironstone nodule from near Dudley, and exhibits both upper and 

 under surfaces of the same specimen. (See Tig. 116.) 



