218 CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS. 



nished with two hooks ; tail with four short cylindrical 

 tubes : inhabits the earth and cow-dung. Pupa changes 

 in the earth. Imago with filiform, sixteen-jointed antenna, 

 rather longer than the head ; ocelli three ; maxillary feelers 

 four-jointed ; ligula distinctly bilobed, other parts of the 

 mouth not fully developed ; wings broad, lying horizontally 

 on the body, which they much exceed in length. Rhyphus. 



Bibionites. Larva elongate, attenuated at each extre- 

 mity ; divisions of the segments deeply marked and fringed 

 with hairs ; head furnished with two obtuse hooks : inha- 

 bits earth, on which it appears to feed. Pupa changes 

 in the earth. Imago with short, nine-jointed antennae ; 

 maxillary feelers four or five-jointed ; ligula pubescent 

 and bilobed, the other parts of the mouth obsolete ; head 

 and eyes large in the male, small in the female ; ocelli 

 three. In the spring and autumn every lane and meadow 

 swarms with these insects, either sailing in the air like 

 balloons, or settled on vegetables. Bibio, Dilophus. 



Scatopsites. Larva elongate, fusiform, apod, having 

 two short spines at the sides of the prothorax and abdo- 

 minal segments ; the body is terminated by two elongate 

 divergent setae. Pupa unknown. Imago with antennae 

 cylindric -conic, acute, twelve-jointed ; ligula small, pubes- 

 cent, and bilobed ; maxillary feelers very short, exarticu- 

 late. Inhabits flowers ; is sluggish in its movements. 

 Scatops. 



Musquitoes or Simulates. Larva aquatic ; supposed to 

 feed on vegetable substances ; elongate, cylindrical, incras- 

 sated posteriorly, semi-transparent. Pupa also aquatic, 

 but quiescent ; ovate, gibbous, brown-coloured, clearly 

 exhibiting all the parts of the future imago. Imago with 

 antennae eleven-jointed, very short ; maxillary feelers elon- 

 gate, incurved, composed of four distinct joints, the fourth 

 very long and pointed ; the labrum, mandibles, and max- 



