THE 



The rocks which constitute the extreme outlying limits of 

 the Lofoden group, and which are between 60 and 70 miles 

 from the shore, although mineralogically corresponding with 

 those near the shore, are totally different in their conformation, 

 as the sketch of three characteristic specimens plainly shows. 

 Mr. Everest very aptly compares them to shark's teeth. 

 Proceeding northward, these rocks gradually progress in mag- 

 nitude, until they become mountains of 3000 to 4000 feet in 

 height ; their outspread bases form large islands, and the Vest- 

 fiord gradually narrows. 



The remarkably angular and jagged character of these rocks 

 when weathered in the air renders it very easy to trace the 

 limits of glaciation on viewing them at a distance. The outer- 

 most and smallest rocks show from a distance no signs of 

 glaciation. If submerged, the ice of the great ice age was 

 then enough to float over without touching them ; if they 

 stood above the sea, as at present, they suffered no more 

 glaciation than would be produced by such an ice-sheet as that 

 of the " paleocrystic " ice recently found by Captain Nares 

 on the north of Greenland. Progressing northward, the 

 glaciation begins to become visible, running up to about 100 

 feet above the sea-level on the islands lying westward and 

 southward of Ost Yaagen. Further northward along the 

 coast of Ost Vaagen and Hindo, the level gradually rises to 

 about 500 feet on the northern portion of Ost Vaagen, and up 

 to more than 1000 feet on Hindu, while on the mainland it 

 reaches 3000 to 4000 feet. 



A remarkable case of such variation, or descent of ice-level, 

 as the ice-sheet proceeded seaward, is shown at Tromso. This 

 small oblong island (lat. 69 40'), on which is the capital 

 town of Finmark, lies between the mainland and the large 

 mountainous island of Kvalo, with a long sea-channel on each 

 side, the Tromosund and the Sandesund ; the total width of 

 these two channels and the island itself being about four or 

 live miles. The general line of glaciation from the mainland 

 crosses the broadside of these channels and the island, which 

 has evidently been buried and ground down to its present 

 moderate height of two or three hundred feet. Both the 

 channels are till-paved. On the east or inland side the 

 mountains near the coast are glaciated to their summits are 

 simply roches moutonnees, over which the reindeer of the 

 Tromsdal Lapps range and feed. On the west the mountains 

 are dark, pyramidal, rfon-glaciated peaks, with long vertical 

 snow-streaks marking their angular masses. 



