246 SCIENTIFIC FEEDING OF ANIMALS 



per day 0-6-0-8 Ib. digestible protein, and 8-9-5 Ibs. 

 digestible nitrogen-free nutrients (including fat) with 

 a starch equivalent of 6-0 Ibs. per 1000 Ibs. live 

 weight. With these figures the dry matter of the 

 ration can oscillate between 15 and 21 Ibs. This 

 standard ration assumes that primarily coarse 

 fodder will be used, and that any deficit in protein 

 will be made good by small additions of oil cakes, 

 distillers' waste, brewers' grains, etc., and a lack 

 of carbohydrates by roots or tubers or their by- 

 products. Such rations contain a sufficient quantity 

 of mineral substances, for investigations on this 

 point have shown that the daily consumption of 

 50 g. phosphoric acid and 100 g. lime per 1000 kg. 

 live weight sufficiently meet all requirements. As 

 the larger animals of 1000 kg. (2200 Ibs.) give off 

 less heat than do the smaller ones (p. 53), it is 

 necessary on a maintenance diet to pay attention 

 to this, for there is not then the excess of heat as 

 when on a production ration. Calculated per body 

 surface, the following weights of food are to be given 

 per 1000 kg. when the single animals weigh : 



300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 kg., 

 starch equivalent: 



770, 7-00, 6-50, 6-10, 5-80, 5-55 kg. 

 The maintenance ration for animals which only 

 weigh 300 kg. is, therefore, 28 % greater per 1000 kg. 

 than for animals of 800 kg. As regards the require- 

 ments of animals for protein, their size has no 

 noticeable influence. 



