290 SCIENTIFIC FEEDING OF ANIMALS 



get daily -^ ^ of their live weight in whole milk, 

 and the purely-milk period should be limited to 

 four or at the least three weeks. Calves which will 

 later be fattened or are being kept for breeding 

 should be given rather more milk 1 J- their live 

 weight, and should not be weaned for six weeks. 



Warm fresh milk should always be used, for when 

 cold it is apt to cause scouring. In order to escape 

 tuberculosis boiled milk has often been used, but 

 it is said that the animals reared with this do not 

 do as well as those on raw milk. Experiments on 

 this point have, however, shown that hardly any 

 difference exists, for the quantities found to give 

 i kg. live weight increase were 10-82 litres of boiled 

 milk, 10-45 litres boiled milk and salt (2 g. per litre), 

 and 1 1 -i i litres of raw milk. With properly 

 measured milk supply and good attention to the 

 calves 10 litres (2% gals.) of milk give on an average 

 i kg. (2-2 Ibs.) increase of live weight. 



The weaning of calves from a milk diet must be 

 done very gradually, the whole milk being re- 

 placed by equal quantities of separated or skimmed 

 milk, which is best boiled and given in a lukewarm 

 state. Not more than J litre of whole milk should 

 be replaced daily. As in this way a considerable 

 quantity of fat is withdrawn from the animals, it 

 must be replaced, and this is best done by the 

 addition of linseed, 25-30 g. (i oz.) to \ litre (i pint) 

 skim milk. Oatmeal and later linseed cake, as well 



