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by external or foreign ones of the same class 1st, by a direct rela- 

 tion which the spirit might have with these foreign properties; and, 

 2nd, by a relation which the foreign have with the natural chymical 

 properties; an established relation between these latter and the 

 spirit already existing, the spirit may be modified or influenced by 

 the disturbance of the chymical agents which help to form this 

 established relation. 



6. As the chymicals are selected by the properties of the 

 spirit, and as in the living body no chymical process (unless one to 

 be mentioned hereafter in the lungs, &c. be an exception) takes 

 place which is not under the government and direction of the spirit, 

 so it follows that no primitive spontaneous change can take place in 

 the chymicals, but that such change must happen by a previous one 

 of the spirit. Thus, the ehymical nature of the urine may be very 

 different at various times; it may sometimes contain substances of 

 which at others it is entirely destitute, or the proportions of sub- 

 stances usually belonging to it may be variously altered. Thus, 

 also, calcareous depositions may be formed in the coats of the 

 arteries, or about joints, in parts which have been the seat of gout; 

 thus, also, exostoses may be produced, or mucus secreted, or mat- 

 ter secreted, or gelatine secreted: all these may exemplify chymieal 

 changes, but the chymical change in either is not primitive; for, 

 withdraw the influence of the spirit, let this principle be extinct, 

 and they none of them take place. Whatever may be the disposi- 

 tion of the chymicals at the time of its extinction, they are from 

 that period inactive : they form neither urine, nor chalk-stones, nor 

 bone, nor mucus, nor pus, nor gelatine; but they agree in one com- 

 mon tendency, to separate from each other by putrefaction. Hence 

 they are held in a forced allegiance, and the spirit is the bond of 

 their union. And as the identity of the spirit produces and main- 

 tains a corresponding identity among the chymicals, so the devia- 

 tions of the one are productive of corresponding changes in the other. 



7. If there are any exceptions to the truth of this remark, as 

 hinted above, they will be found in the phenomena of the prepara- 

 tory orgaus > where substances foreign to the animal economy are 

 liable to be received, and from the circumstance of their having no 

 relation with the spirit by which they are placed under its eontroul, 

 run into processes agreeing with the relations subsisting between 

 themselves, and by the results of these processes may possibly find 

 a relation with the spirit, so as to place it in the situation only of a 

 re-agent. 



8. But the agents of chymistry may be primitive in affection, 

 when they are introduced from without; in this case these agents 

 are foreign, and their phenomena are not to be enumerated under 

 the title of spontaneous change. 



9. Consistently with the laws of causation, there, might be 

 predisposition to change in the chymical constituents, and this pre- 

 disposition might be excited under the continuance of an unchanged 

 state of the spirit. But, io this instance, the change in the chymicate 



