CROWFOOT FAMILY. 55 



14. COPTI8. Leaves of 8 leaflets. 



15. NIGELLA. Leaves finely dissected. 



-= Petals large hollow spurs projecting between the sepals. 



16. AQUILEGIA. Pistils usually 5. Leaves compound. 



H--H- Flowers irregular and unsymmetrical, racemose or panicled. 



17. DELPHINIUM. Upper sepal spurred. 



18. ACONITUM. Upper sepals in the form of a hood or helmet. 



++ -H- -H- Flowers regular, racemose ; sepals falling when the flower opens, petal-like. 



19. ACT^EA. Pistil only one, becoming a berry. Flowers in a short and thick raceme 



or cluster. 



20. CIMICIFUGA. Pistils 1-8, becoming pods in fruit. Flowers In long racemes. 

 ++*>++ -H- Flowers very large, regular, not racemose; sepals herbaceous and per- 

 sistent. 



21. PyEOXIA. Pistils 2 or more, becoming leathery pods. 



*- -i- Ovules a single pair. Flowers regular, solitary, or in compound racemes. Herbs 

 or shrubs. 



22. XANTHOKRHIZA. Petals 5, small Little pods 1-seeded. Undershrub, with yellow 



wood and roots. 



23. HTDEA8T1S. Petals none. Fruit berry-like. Low perennial 



1. CLEMATIS, VIRGIN'S BOWER. (The Greek name of a climb- 

 ing plant.) Akenes numerous, in a head, the persistent style forming 

 naked, hairy, or plumose tails to the fruit. Many garden hybrids and 

 forms. If. Ornamental climbers, with somewhat woody stems ; a few 

 are erect herbs. (Lessons, Figs. 278, 279, 378.) 



1. Flowers solitary ; climbers. 



* Sepals thin, spreading, 6 or more. 



C. fJdr/da, Thunb. Flowers 3'-4' across, sepals broad-ovate, white, 

 purplish, or with a purple center of transformed stamens (var. SIE- 

 B6LDii) ; leaves usually twice compound. Japan. 



C. lanuginbsa, Lindl. Cult, from China. Flowers 6'~W across, 

 lavender. Leaves thick, usually simple (rarely ternate), cordate, acute, 

 smooth above, hairy below ; buds woolly. 



C. JACKMANNI of gardens is a hybrid between this species and C. Viti- 

 cella. 



C. patens, Morr. & Dene., also called C. ccERtiLEA, and various 

 names for varieties. Flower 5'-7' across, with 6-9 or more oblong or 

 lance-shaped sepals of various colors ; leaflets simply in threes. Japan. 



* * Sepals thin, spreading, 4 only. 



C. verticill^ris, DC. Flowers about 3' across, sepals bluish-purple, 

 acute ; leaflets mostly entire ; akenes with feathery tails. Rocky woods 

 or ravines N. and in mountainous parts. 



C. Viticella, Linn. VINE BOWER C. From Eu. ; a hardy climber, 

 with flower 2 '-3' across ; the widely spreading sepals obovate, either pur- 

 ple or blue ; akenes with short, naked points. 



C. orienta/is, Linn. HEAVY-SCENTED C. Cult, from Central Asia; 

 flowers yellow, H' across, sepals ovate, bluntish; long and feathery tails 

 to the akenes. In cult, as C. GRAVEOLENS. 



* * * Sepals thick, leathery, erect. 



C. Viorna, Linn. LEATHER FLOWER. Wild from Penn. and Mo., S., 

 in rich soil ; sepals purple or purplish, 1' long or more, erect, and with the 

 narrow tips only spreading or recurved ; akenes with very feathery tails. 



