FUMITORY FAMILY. 57 



IX. FUMARIACEjE, FUMITOEY FAMILY. 



Sepals 2, scale-like ; petals 4, much larger, also irregular 

 and closed, the 2 outer with spreading tips and 1 or both 

 spurred or saccate at base, the 2 inner and smaller petals 

 united by their spoon-shaped tips, which inclose the anthers 

 of the 6 stamens in 2 sets along with the stigma ; the middle 

 anther of each set is 2-celled, the lateral ones being 1-celled. 

 Delicate or tender and very smooth herbs, with colorless and 

 inert juice, and much dissected or compound leaves. 



* Corolla heart-shaped or ^-spurred at base; pod several-seeded. 



1. DIOENTEA. Petals slightly cohering with each other. Seeds crested. 



2. ADLUMIA. Petals all permanently united into one slightly heart-shaped body, which 



incloses the small pod. Seeds crestless. Climbing by the very compound leaves. 

 * * Corolla with only one petal spurred at base. 



3. CORYDALIS. Ovary and pod slender, several-seeded. Seeds crested. 



4. FUMARIA. Ovary and small closed fruit globular, 1-seeded. 



1. DICENTRA (meaning ^spurred in Greek). Often named DICLY- 

 TRA or DIELYTRA. ^ Flowers in spring. 



* American species, low, with delicate decompound leaves and few-Jiowered 



scapes sent up from the ground in early spring. 



- Racemes simple, few-flowered / divisions of leaves linear. 



D. Cucullaria, DC. DUTCHMAN'S BREECHES. Common in leaf 

 mold in woods N. Foliage and flowers from a sort of granular-scaly 

 bulb ; corolla white, tipped with yellow, with the 2 diverging spurs at the 

 base longer than the pedicel, the inner petals minutely crested. 



D. Canad^nsis, DC. CANADIAN D. or SQUIRREL CORN. With the 

 last N. Underground shoots bearing separate yellow grains, like Indian 

 corn, in place of a scaly bulb ; the corolla narrower and merely heart- 

 shaped at base, white or delicately flesh-colored, sweet-scented ; inner 

 petals prominently crested at tip. 



- *- Racemes compound, although small, clustered; divisions of leaves 

 broad-oblong. 



D. eximia, DC. A rare species in W. N. Y. and S. in Alleghanies, 

 also cult., has reddish-purple, drooping, narrow flowers with short- 

 hooked spurs ; underground shoots scaly. 



D. formosa, DC., of the Pacific coast, also cult., has broader flowers 

 than the last and spurs not hooked. 



* * Cultivated exotic, taller and coarser, leafy-stemmed, many-flowered. 

 D. spectdbflis, DC. SHOWY D. or BLEEDING HEART, very ornamental 



through spring and early summer, with ample Peony-like leaves, and long 

 drooping racemes of bright pink-red (or white), heart-shaped flowers 

 (!' long) 1 ; the 2 small sepals fall off in the bud. China. 



2. ADLUMIA, ADLUMIA or CLIMBING FUMITORY. (Named 

 for John Adlum, of Washington, D. C., one of the earliest cultivators 

 of native grapes, and author of the first American book upon the 

 subject.) (2) A single species. 



